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• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Class 8
• NCERT 8 Science
• Chapter 1: Crop Production And Management

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

Ncert solutions for class 8 science chapter 1 – free pdf download.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management guides you with the answers to the questions given in the textbook. Class 8 is an important phase in the student’s life as they are introduced to many new concepts that are essential to set strong basics for the topics to be taught later in Class 9. To score good marks in the Class 8 examination, students should solve the exemplar questions provided at the end of each chapter in Class 8 NCERT Books.

Download Exclusively Curated Chapter Notes for Class 8 Science Chapter – 1 Crop Production and Management

Download most important questions for class 8 science chapter – 1 crop production and management.

Solving NCERT questions will assist you in grasping the content in the chapter, Crop Production and Management, in a better way. BYJU’S presents the important extra questions at the end of each chapter according to the latest Class 8 CBSE Syllabus. These NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science   Chapter 1 will help you in scoring good marks as they cover important concepts in different formats like MCQs and short answer questions, worksheets and more. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 is provided here for a better understanding of the subject and scoring good marks in the annual examination.

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Access Answers to NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

Exercise Questions

1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____________.

(b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called the  crop .

(b) The first step before growing crops is the  preparation of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of the water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential.

2. Match items in column A with those in column B.

3. Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

Kharif crops – Paddy and maize

Rabi crops – Wheat and pea

4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil

(c) Weeding

(d) Threshing

a) Preparation of the soil is the first step in agriculture. Preparation of the soil is done to loosen the soil, which is essential for root penetration into the soil. This allows the roots to breathe easily. Loosening of the soil allows the growth of earthworms and microorganisms, which will help to keep the soil fertile by adding humus to the soil. Loosening of soil also brings nutrient-rich soil to the top layer, which is essential for the growth of plants.

b) Sowing is an important process in crop production. First, healthy seeds are selected before sowing. After selecting healthy seeds, sowing is done by either traditional methods or by using the equipment’s seed drill.

c) Removal of unnecessary plants from the field is called weeding. Weeds compete with crop plants for nutrients and water. This will reduce the yield of the desired crops. Weeds also interfere while harvesting and get mixed with crops. Some weeds are poisonous to animals and humans. Tilling is a common method that helps remove weeds before sowing crops, and manual methods like the physical removal of plants are also used to remove weeds. Weedicides are sprayed to get rid of weeds, but this method may affect the health of farmers because of the chemicals used as weedicides.

d) Process of separating the chaff from the crop is known as threshing. Threshing is carried by a machine called ‘combine’, which is a harvester as well as a thresher. Threshing is also done by winnowing, where the blow of air is used to separate the chaff from crops.

5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.

6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

The supply of water to crops at regular intervals is called irrigation. Methods of irrigation which conserve water are as follows:

a) Drip Irrigation: Here, the water goes drop by drop directly into the roots; this method is very useful as it conserves the water and also helps in avoiding weeds.

b) Sprinkler system: This method is in use mainly in uneven land where sufficient water is not available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure with the help of a pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles. It gets sprinkled on the crop as if it is raining.

7. If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Wheat crops may get destroyed if sown in the Kharif season because of unfavourable temperatures, pests and adaptable conditions for the plants to grow. Kharif comes during the rainy season; hence it is not a wise idea to grow wheat in the Kharif season.

8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Plants require nutrients for their growth. Without optimum nutrients, plants will die. Continuous plantation of crops results in the depletion of certain nutrients like Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, etc. This results in a decrease in yield due to loss of nutrients; hence there should be a gap between crops in order to get a good yield.

9. What are weeds? How can we control them?

In a field, many other undesirable plants may grow naturally along with the crop. These undesirable plants are called weeds. Weeds can be controlled by methods called weeding. Tilling before sowing the crops helps in uprooting and killing weeds, which may then dry up and get mixed with the soil. Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals called weedicides.

10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of the clues given below.

1. Providing water to the crops.

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.

5. Certain plants of the same kind are grown on a large scale.

3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.

4. A rabi crop, which is also one of the pulses.

6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.

Class 8 Science NCERT Solutions for Chapter 1 – Crop Production and Management

BYJU’S NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science is developed by subject matter experts according to the latest CBSE syllabus and guidelines. Referring to these NCERT Solutions for Class 8 will help students attain a firm grip on the key concepts and topics of the subjects. Regular usage of these solutions also helps boost the confidence of the students.

The topics covered in Chapter 1 of NCERT Class 8 Science are given below:

Students can utilise the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 for any quick references to comprehend complex topics, and also to learn the correct answers to exercise questions of the Class 8 Science NCERT Textbook.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

• NCERT Solutions
• Chapter 1 Crop Production And Management

NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management FREE PDF Download

Vedantu’s Class 8 Science Chapter 1 NCERT Solutions has all the questions and answers in the chapter. This chapter explores "Crop Production and Management," explaining key principles essential for grasping agricultural practices and their importance. By downloading the Crop Production And Management Class 8 PDF, students can thoroughly understand the main concepts presented in the curriculum. Emphasising clarity and depth, these resources are invaluable for students progressing through the first chapter of their Science syllabus.

Download the FREE PDF of class 8 science chapter 1 question answer updated according to the Class 8 Science syllabus . Start with Vedantu to pursue a path of academic excellence!

Quick Insights for Solutions of NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

NCERT Solutions for Science Class 8 Chapter 1 offers insights into the General Introduction: Importance and Scope of Crop Production and Management.

This section provides concise learnings on various methods of crop production, including soil preparation, sowing, application of manure and fertilisers, irrigation, and weed control. It also covers harvesting, storage, and modern agricultural techniques to enhance crop yield.

Students will gain an understanding of topics like Kharif and Rabi crops, traditional and modern agricultural tools, and the importance of organic farming, which are essential for comprehending basic agricultural practices.

Detailed explanations on crop rotation, mixed cropping, and sustainable agricultural practices are provided to ensure long-term productivity and environmental health.

Utilising these Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Short Question Answers can help students assess their level of preparation and understanding of crop production and management concepts.

The chapter is aligned with the revised syllabus for the academic year 2024-25 and offers resources such as class notes, important concepts, and exemplar solutions.

Access Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management Class 8 PDF

1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation 

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _________. 

(b) The first step before growing crops is ________ of the soil.

Ans: Preparation

(c) Damaged seeds would _________ on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight, _________ and _________ from the soil are essential. 

Ans: Water and nutrients.

2. Match items in column A with those in column B.

The table showing the matched answers is as below,

3. Give two examples of each.

Kharif crop

Ans: Examples:

Kharif crops - maize and millets.

Rabi crops - wheat and oats.

4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

Preparation of soil

Sowing 

a. Preparation of soil: 

i. The first method in crop management is soil preparation.  This process is done by loosening the soil with the help of a plough which helps in ploughing or tilling it. 

ii. Loosening of soil particles adds humus and nutrients and increases the absorption of water and manure in the soil which increases crop yields.

i. After the soil preparation, the best seeds are chosen to sow in the soil for production.

ii. Seeds are sown with the help of a seed drill which is in the funnel shape used in modern-day tractors to sow the seeds at a particular depth in the soil.

c. Weeding:

i. Unwanted plants which grow and interfere along with the other plants to reduce their yield are called weeds. Unwanted plants are removed by the process called weeding  

ii. We have to remove weeds as they compete with the plants in light and space and take up the nutrients given to the plant from the soil. Xanthium, Parthenium, etc. are some common weeds that affect the growth of plants. 

iv. Weedicides are used to control the weeds which is a chemical that only kills the weeds, not the crops. 

d. Threshing: 

i. After the crop harvesting, the last step in which the grains are separated from the chaff is called threshing.

ii. “Combine” is a machine that carries out this threshing process. The combine is the combination of harvester and thresher which harvests crops and also separates the grains.

5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.

Ans: The table showing the difference between fertilizers and manure is as below,

6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation that conserve water. 

Ans: Irrigation:

Supplying water to the crops in the field at various intervals for the growth of the plants is called irrigation.

Intervals differ from crop to crop, season to season, and are also affected by the type of soil and rainfall.

The irrigation sources may include ponds, lakes, canals rivers, and dams. 

Two methods of which conserve water are drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation:

Drip irrigation: It has an arrangement of pipes or tubes with small holes from which plants are watered drop by drop at the base of the root, so that water cannot be wasted.

Sprinkler irrigation: It has an arrangement of vertical pipes with rotating nozzles on the top for the distribution of water to uneven or sandy lands without wastage of water.

7. If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen?  Discuss. 

Kharif season is from June to October. If wheat is planted during this season, it is possible that the entire crop will be damaged due to a variety of issues including a lack of optimal temperature, adaptability, and insect availability.

The rainy season is included in the Kharif season, which is not conducive to wheat crop growth, as wheat grows well in the winter or rabi season. As a result, the wheat crop must not be planted during the Kharif season, but rather during the Rabi season.

8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field. 

Soil minerals such as potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as other nutrients are depleted as a result of persistent soil plantation. It takes up all the plant nutrients which take a long time to replenish. 

These ions are important for all plants to undergo proper growth. If a continuous plantation is done these minerals won’t get time to replenish and the crop yield decreases immediately.

9. What are weeds? How can we control them?

Ans: Weeds:

Undesirable or unwanted plants that grow along with crop plants that reduce crop productivity are known as weeds. Xanthium, Parthenium, etc. are some common weeds.  

Weeds compete for light, nutrients, and space with the crop. As a consequence, crop plants receive less light, nutrients, and space to grow. We have to remove weeds as they compete with the plants in light and space and take up the nutrients given to the plant from the soil. 

This, in turn, reduces their productivity. Thus, various weeding methods are employed. 

Some important weeding methods to control the growth of weeds are:

Weeds can be controlled using weedicides. It is a chemical, which is sprayed in the fields to kill all available weeds.  Weedicides are not harmful to crops. 

Weeds are also removed by tilling before sowing crops. Weeds are uprooted by tilling. The optimum time to get rid of weeds would be before they blossom and release seeds. 

10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

Ans: Sugarcane production involves several processes such as growing the crops by preparing the soil first by ploughing it, then sowing the seeds and using manures. Then water is supplied by the irrigation method. After the crop production, harvesting is done, then the crops can be sent to a factory.

11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below. 

1. Providing water to the crops. 

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions. 

5. Certain plants of the same kind grow on a large scale.

Across 

3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop. 

4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses. 

6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.

1. Providing water to the crops - IRRIGATION

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions - STORAGE

5. Certain plants of the same kind grow on a large scale - CROP

3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop - HARVESTER

4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses - GRAM

6. A process of separating the grain from chaff - WINNOWING

Important Questions of NCERT Science Class 8 Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

Let’s start with the basics. All the topics are described in the easy question-answer format so that students’ basics get cleared easily and they understand each term deeply. 

1. What is a crop? What are its types?

A crop can be defined as plants of the same type that are grown and cultivated as a source of food. This is done in a large cultivable land. There are also different types of crops. These different types of crops are:

Rabi Crops: These crops are grown during the winter season, which is from October to March.

Kharif Crops: These crops are sown during the rainy season, which is from July to October.

2. What are the process and tools required for preparing the soil?

Before any seed can be sown, the soil is prepared for the crop. This is done so that seeds can be properly sewn inside the land. There are several processes and tools that are used for preparing the soil. We have discussed those methods and tools in a list that is mentioned below.

Ploughing or Tilling

Ploughing or tilling is the process through which the soil is loosened and turned. This is done with the help of a plough.

As mentioned above, a plough is a device that is mainly used by farmers for various purposes like loosening the soil and adding fertilizers to the soil. A plough can also be used to remove weeds and scraping of soil. Usually, a plough shaft is the main part of a plough, which is made from a log of wood.

A ploughshare is another part of a plough and it can be explained as a triangular iron strip. The other end of the shaft has a handle. The other end is attached to a beam. This beam is pulled by the bull after it is placed on the neck of the bull. A wooden plough can also be operated by a man. These days many farmers are also switching to iron ploughs.

A hoe is a tool that can be used for digging up the soil. This tool can also be used to remove weeds and loosen up the soil before planting a sapling into the soil.

A cultivator is a tool that is attached to a tractor. It helps in loosening the soil. There are many farmers who prefer to use cultivators instead of ploughs as cultivators are faster.

3. What is sowing? How to sow a seed?

Soil preparation is necessary before sowing seeds. Sowing is the process of planting seeds in the soil.

Steps to sow seed:

Firstly The quality of the seed is crucial for determining crop yield. Selecting good seeds involves placing them in water to check for dead or damaged seeds.

Dead and damaged seeds will float on water, while good seeds will sink.

Traditional tools such as scythes, shovels, ploughs, and pickaxes were used before modern agricultural practices.

Traditional sowing tools resembled funnels with two or three tubes for placing seeds in the soil.

Seed drills are now used with tractors for uniform and efficient sowing.

Seed drills ensure that seeds are sown at a specific depth and covered with soil.

Nurseries are places where young trees and plants are grown for later transplantation.

Nurseries are considered repositories of saplings by experts.

After sowing, seeds undergo germination and the plant starts to emerge.

Adding manure or fertilizers is the next task for the farmer after seed germination.

4. What are manure and fertilizers?

The choice between manure and fertilisers requires considering these differences. Excessive use of fertilisers can result in pollution and pH changes in the soil. Some farmers choose to leave their land fallow to naturally replenish lost nutrients and minerals. After a period of time, the land can be used again.

5. What is crop rotation?

In crop rotation, the same crop is not grown continuously. This prevents the erosion of the fertility of the soil. Also, another major part of growing crops is protecting the crops from weeds.

6. What are weeds? What is tilling?

Weeds can be defined as undesirable plants that grow naturally along with the main crop. The weeds are harmful because they compete with the crop by absorbing all the nutrients, water, light, and space.

Tilling is a process that can be done after sowing the crops. This process helps in killing and uprooting the weeds. One can also choose to remove weeds by physically uprooting the weeds from the soil or by chopping the weeds to the ground level. This is known as the manual removal method.

Some farmers also use weedicides, which are chemicals that are used for killing weeds. Students should remember that weedicides do not harm the main crop. After that, harvesting is performed.

7. What is harvesting? What are the methods to harvest the crops?

Harvesting can be explained as the process of cutting the crop once it has matured.

There are two main methods through which harvesting can be done. These methods are:

Manual method where a sickle can be used.

The mechanical method in which a harvester, which is a huge machine, can be used.

8. What is threshing and winnowing?

Threshing is also the process that can be used for loosening the grains from the chaff. This process can be performed manually or with the help of machines. Winnowing is also a method for separating grain seeds from the chaff. But this method is done with the help of the wind. Because of the wind, the lighter chaff will fly away and the heavier grains will fall down.

9. How the grains are stored?

Once the grain is separated, then the storage of the grains is left. Ideally, the grains should be stored in silos and granaries after harvesting. One should ensure that grains are stored in a dry place that does not have any fungal infestation or rodent infestation. Fumigation of the storage place should also be done to make sure that the storage place is free from microbes.

For students who do not know what granaries mean, it is the place where the freshly obtained food grains are stored. Also, animal husbandry is defined as the management and care of farm animals. This is done to obtain milk, eggs, or meat.

NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Quick Overview of Detailed Structure of Topics 

Science class 8 chapter 1- important terms.

Crop: When a large number of plants of the same type are grown together in one location, it is referred to as a crop.

Kharif Crops: Crops planted during the rainy season are known as Kharif crops. In India, the rainy season typically spans from June to September. Examples of Kharif crops include paddy, maize, soybean, groundnut, and cotton.

Rabi Crops: Crops cultivated in the winter season, from October to March, are referred to as rabi crops. Some common rabi crops are wheat, gram, pea, mustard, and linseed.

Tilling or ploughing:   The action of loosening and overturning the soil.

Crop Rotation: The same crop is not grown continuously in crop rotation. This prevents the erosion of the fertility of the soil. Another major part of growing crops is protecting them from weeds.

Benefits of Referring to Vedantu’s NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Solutions

Referring to NCERT solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 PDF offers several benefits:

NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer provides clear explanations of concepts covered in the chapter, helping students understand the topic thoroughly.

Covers important concepts such as agricultural practices, soil preparation, sowing, and irrigation methods.

Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Short Question Answer assists students in completing their last-minute revision efficiently and effectively.

Ch 1 Class 8 Science solutions follow a structured format, making it easier for students to navigate through different topics and sections of the chapter.

Detailed methodologies for solving numerical problems and understanding agricultural practices.

Crop Production And Management Class 8 solutions include practice questions and exercises that allow students to test their understanding of the concepts discussed in the chapter.

By referring to Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer, students can prepare effectively for exams as the solutions cover all the topics and questions likely to be asked in the assessments.

Science Class 8 Chapter 1 solutions align with the curriculum prescribed by educational boards, ensuring that students cover the topics and concepts required for their academic year.

Students can use Class 8 Science Chapter 1 PDF solutions to assess their understanding and identify areas where they may need further practice or clarification.

Important Study Materials for Class 8 Science Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management 

Students have the opportunity to obtain additional study materials related to Chapter 1- Crop Production and Management Class 8. These additional resources can be downloaded to provide further reference.

Conclusion 

NCERT Science Class 8 Chapter 1, Crop Production And Management Solutions, provided by Vedantu, offers comprehensive guidance and support to students in understanding the fundamental concepts of agricultural practices. Through clear explanations, practice questions, and additional resources, Vedantu ensures that students can grasp the fundamentals of crop production and management effectively. Ch 1 Class 8 Science Solutions not only helps in academic learning but also fosters a deeper appreciation for the importance of agriculture in our lives. With Vedantu's assistance, students are well-equipped to excel in their studies and develop a strong foundation in agricultural science.

Links for Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions Class 8 Science

Important links for class 8 science, faqs on ncert solutions for class 8 science chapter 1 crop production and management.

1. What topics are covered in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management?

The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management cover various topics such as types of crops, agricultural practices, crop production cycle, sowing methods, soil preparation, irrigation, fertilisers, pests and diseases, and harvesting techniques.

2. How can NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management help me understand the concepts better?

The NCERT Solutions provide detailed explanations, diagrams, and examples that break down the concepts of crop production and management into easily understandable parts. By following the solutions, you can gain a clear understanding of the processes involved in crop production, from soil preparation to harvesting, and comprehend the importance of various agricultural practices.

3. Are the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management easy to follow?

Yes, the NCERT Solutions provided by Vedantu are designed to be student-friendly and easy to follow. The solutions use simple language and step-by-step explanations to ensure that students can grasp the concepts easily. Additionally, the solutions include diagrams and examples to further enhance comprehension.

4. Can the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management help me with exam preparation?

Absolutely! The NCERT Solutions cover all the important topics and questions from the chapter, which are likely to be asked in exams. By going through the solutions, practising the provided questions, and understanding the concepts thoroughly, you can strengthen your exam preparation and perform well in your science examinations.

5. Are the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management available online?

Yes, Vedantu provides the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management online. You can access these solutions on Vedantu's website or through their mobile app. They are readily available for free, allowing you to study and revise the chapter conveniently at any time and from anywhere with an internet connection.

6. What is crop production and management class 8?

Crop production and management in Class 8 is a subject that teaches students about the entire process of growing crops, from planting seeds to harvesting and storing the final product. It covers various aspects, including:

Soil preparation: Making the soil loose and fertile for healthy plant growth.

Sowing: Planting seeds at the right depth and spacing.

Manure and fertilizers: Adding nutrients to the soil for better crop yield.

Irrigation: Providing water to the crops regularly.

Weed control: Removing unwanted plants that compete with crops for resources.

Protection from pests and diseases: Safeguarding crops from harmful insects and illnesses.

Harvesting: Gathering the mature crops.

Storage: Preserve the harvested crops for later use.

By understanding these practices, students gain valuable knowledge about the importance of agriculture and the efforts involved in ensuring a sustainable food supply.

7. What is crop class 8 very short answer?

Crop refers to plants grown for their edible parts, such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and pulses. Studying crops helps students understand their role in agriculture and appreciate the diverse range of plants that provide us with food. 

8. What are the important topics in class 8 science chapter 1?

Some of the important topics in Class 8 Science Chapter 1- Crop Production and Management are:

Basic Practices of Crop Production

Agricultural Implements

Food from Animals

Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Question Answer will help students understand the concepts of the following topics and enhance their learning. 

9. What are the two broad cropping patterns followed in India? 

The two broad cropping patterns followed in India are:

NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Solutions provides more insights on the topics and helps students to excel in the examinations. 

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management

The   Science Class 8   chapter, Crop Production & Management,  is a fundamental topic in the field of agriculture that aims to teach students about the different agricultural practices used to cultivate crops. Let's have a look at the NCERT Solutions of the chapter.

Q1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.  (float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation)

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called ______. Ans: The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called the crop .

Q1. What is crop production and management? Ans:  Crop production and management refers to the process of growing crops and managing them to ensure a good yield. It involves several activities such as land preparation, selection of suitable crops, irrigation, fertilization, pest and disease control, and harvesting.

Q2. What are the different types of crops? Ans:  Crops can be broadly classified into two categories: food crops and cash crops. Food crops are grown for consumption, while cash crops are grown for sale in the market. 

Q3. What is organic farming? Ans: Organic farming is a method of farming that involves the use of natural fertilizers and pest control methods instead of synthetic chemicals. It is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to agriculture.

Q4. What are the advantages of crop rotation? Ans:  Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops in the same field in a planned sequence to improve soil health and crop yield. Some of the advantages of crop rotation include reduced soil erosion, improved soil fertility, and better control of pests and diseases.

Q5. How can pests and diseases be controlled in crop production? Ans:  Pests and diseases can be controlled in crop production through various methods such as biological control, chemical control, and cultural control. Biological control involves using natural predators to control pests, while chemical control involves using pesticides. Cultural control involves practices such as crop rotation and sanitation to prevent the spread of diseases.

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