Chapter 01: �Introduction to Java

Lecturer: Mr. Sam Vanthath

  • To understand the relationship between Java and World Wide Web.
  • To know Java’s advantages.
  • To distinguish the terms API, IDE and JDK.
  • To write a simple Java program.
  • To create, compile and run Java programs.
  • To know the basic syntax of a Java program.
  • To display output on the console and on the dialog box.

1. Java, World Wide Web, and Beyond

2. Characteristics of Java

3. The Java Language Specification, API, JDK, and IDE

4. A Simple Java Program

5. Creating, Compiling, and Executing a Java Program

6. Anatomy of the Java Program

  • How to write Java application
  • Input and Output statements

1. Java, World Wide Web, and Beyond (P. 13)

  • Today Java is used for:
  • Web Programming
  • Developing standalone applications across platforms on
  • and mobile devices
  • Developing the code to communicate with and control the robotic rover that rolled on Mars.

2. Characteristics of Java (P. 16)

  • Java particular feature is to write a program once and run it everywhere.
  • Object-oriented

Distributed

Interpreted

  • Architecture-neutral
  • High-performance

Multithreaded

  • Easier than C++
  • Replace multiple inheritance in C++ with a simple language construct called an interface
  • Eliminate pointers
  • Use automatic memory allocation and garbage collection
  • Easy to write and read

Object-Oriented

  • Replace traditional procedure programming techniques.
  • OOP models the real world in terms of objects.
  • Central issue in software development is how to reuse code.
  • OOP provides great flexibility, modularity, clarity and reusability through encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
  • Several computers working together on a network.
  • Java is designed to make distributed computing easy.
  • Writing network programs in Java is like sending and receiving data to and from a file.
  • Unlike conventional language translators
  • Compiler converts source code into a machine-independent format (Byte code)
  • allow it to run on any computer H/W that has the Java runtime system (Java Virtual Machine)
  • Means reliable.
  • Java has a runtime exception-handling feature.
  • Java forces the programmer to write the code to deal with exceptions.
  • Java can catch and respond to an exceptional situation
  • so the program can continue its normal execution
  • and terminate gracefully when a runtime error occurs.
  • As an Internet programming language, Java is used in a networked and distributed environment.
  • If you download a Java applet and run it on your computer, it will not damage your system.

Architecture-Neutral

  • As Java is interpreted, this feature enables Java to be architecture-neutral or platform-independent.
  • Using Java, developers need to write only one version of software so it can run on every platform (Windows, OS/2, Macintosh, and various UNIX, IBM AS/400, and IBM mainframes).
  • Because Java is architecture-neutral, Java programs are portable.
  • They can be run on any platform without being recompiled.

Performance

  • Design well to perform on very low-power CPUs
  • Easy to translate directly to native machine code
  • Multithreading is a program’s capability to perform several tasks simultaneously (e.g: Downloading a video file while playing the video).
  • Multithreading is particularly useful in GUI programming (e.g: a user can listen to an audio recording while surfing the Web page) and network programming (e.g: A server can serve multiple clients at the same time).
  • Libraries can freely add new methods and instance variables.
  • New class can be loaded on the fly without recompilation.

3. The Java Language Specification, API, JDK, and IDE (P. 19)

  • Computer languages have strict rules of usages.
  • If you do not follow the rules when writing a program, the computer will be unable to understand it.
  • Java language specification and Java API define the Java standard.

Java Language specification & API

  • Java Language specification is a technical definition of the language that includes the syntax and semantics of the Java programming language.
  • The application programming interface (API) contains predefined classes and interfaces for developing Java programs.
  • The Java language specification is stable, but the API is still expanding.

Java API Editions

  • There are 3 editions of Java API: Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE), Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) and Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME).
  • J2SE: used to develop client-side standalone applications or applets.
  • J2EE: used to develop server-side applications, such as Java servlets and JavaServer Pages.
  • J2ME: used to develop applications for mobile devices, such as cell phones.

Java Development Toolkit (JDK)

  • For J2SE 5.0, the Java Development Toolkit is called JDK5.0, formerly known as JDK1.5.
  • JDK consists of a set of separate programs for developing and testing Java programs, each of which is invoked from a command line.
  • Besides JDK, there are more than a dozen Java development tools such as JBuilder, NetBeans, Sun ONE, Eclipse, JCreator, … These tools provide an integrated development environment (IDE) for rapidly developing Java programs (Editing, compiling, building, debugging and online help).

4. A Simple Java Program (P. 20)

  • There are 2 Java Programs: Java Applications and applets.
  • Java Applications can be executed from any computer with a Java interpreter.
  • Java applets can be run directly from a Java-compatible Web browser. Applets are suitable for deploying Web projects.

A simple java applicationcode

// This application program prints Welcome to Java!

public class Welcome {

  • public static void main(String[] args){

System.out.println( "Welcome to Java!" );

Class heading

Main method signature

5. Creating, Compiling, and Executing a Java Program (P. 21)

  • You have to create your program and compile it before it can be executed.
  • If your program has compilation errors, you have to fix them by modifying the program then recompile it.
  • If your program has runtime errors or does not produce the correct result, you have to modify the program, recompile it and execute it again.

6. Anatomy of the Java Program (P. 23)

  • The previous sample code has the following components:
  • Reserved words
  • The main method
  • Comments help programmers and users to communicate and understand the program.
  • Comments are ignored by the compiler.
  • A line comment: //
  • A paragraph comment: /*…*/

// This application prints Welcome!

/* This application prints Welcome!*/

/* This application prints

Reserved Words

  • Reserved Words or Keywords are words that have a specific meaning to the compiler and cannot be used for other purpose in the program.
  • E.g: class, public, static, void are keywords
  • Java uses certain reserved words called modifiers that specify the properties of the data, methods and classes and how they can be used.
  • E.g: public, static, private, final, abstract and protected
  • A statement represents an action or a sequence of actions.
  • The statement Systemout.println(“Welcome to Java!”) in previous code is a statement to display the greeting “Welcome to Java!”.
  • Every statement in Java ends with a semicolon (;).
  • The braces in the program form a block that groups the components of the program.
  • A block begins with ({) and ends with (}).
  • Every method has a method block that groups the statements in the method.
  • Blocks can be nested.

public class Test{

System.out.println(“Welcome to java!”);

Class block

Method block

  • The class is the essential Java construct.
  • To program in Java, you must understand classes and be able to write and use them.
  • A program is defined by using one or more classes.
  • Method consists of a collection of statements that perform a sequence of operations.
  • E.g: System.out.println?
  • System.out: the standard output object
  • println: the method in the object which to displays a message to the standard output device.

The main Method

  • Every Java application must have a user-declared main method that defines where the program begins.
  • The Java interpreter executes the application by invoking the main method.
  • The main method looks like this:
  • //Statemtns;

How to write Java applications

Two types of Java Program

  • Applet Program
  • Program which is running on Web Browser
  • Use Appletviewer or internet explorer
  • Application program
  • Typical application program
  • Execute using interpreter named “java”

Checkpoints for the Beginner

  • Java differentiates the upper- and lower- cases.
  • File differentiates the upper- and lower- cases.
  • Should set the environment variables correctly.
  • Run the program including main()
  • The format of main is always� public static void main (String args[])
  • Or public static void main (String[] args)
  • Applet class is always public.

Checkpoints for the Beginner (Cont.)

  • One file can have only one “public” class.�– compile error.
  • If there is a class declared “public”, then the file name should be same as that public class name.
  • Constructor doesn’t have a return type and has the same name as the class name.
  • There is no comma between width and height in the HTML file.��<applet code=class-file-name width=300 height=200>�</applet>

Rules of naming the class and method

  • English Noun type
  • Starts with upper-case letter
  • Coming multiple nouns : not with “_” , combine with another Uppercase.
  • Ex. Car, ChattingServer
  • Method Name
  • English Verb type
  • Starts with lower-case letter
  • Ex. getName(), setLabel()

Input and Output Statements

Printing a Line of Text Example (Welcome1.java)

// Welcome1.java

// Text-printing program.

public class Welcome1 {

// main method begins execution of Java application

public static void main( String args[] )

System.out.println( “Welcome to Java Programming!” );

} // end method main

} // end class Welcome1

Printing a Line of Text (Cont.)

Compiling a program

  • Open a command prompt window, go to directory where program is stored
  • Type javac Welcome1.java
  • If no errors, Welcome1.class created
  • Has bytecodes that represent application
  • Bytecodes passed to Java interpreter
  • Executing a program
  • Type java Welcome1
  • Interpreter loads .class file for class Welcome1
  • .class extension omitted from command
  • Interpreter calls method main

Modifying Our First Java Program

  • Modify example in Welcome1.java to print same contents using different code
  • Modifying programs
  • Welcome2.java produces same output as Welcome1.java
  • Using different code�System.out.print( "Welcome to " ); System.out.println( "Java Programming!" );
  • System.out.print( "Welcome to " ) displays “Welcome to ” with cursor remaining on printed line
  • System.out.println( "Java Programming!" ) displays “Java Programming!” on same line with cursor on next line

Example (Welcome2.java)

// Welcome2.java

public class Welcome2 {

System.out.print( “Welcome to ” );

System.out.println( “Java Programming!” );

} // end class Welcome2

Modifying Our First Java Program (Cont.)

Newline characters (\n)

  • Interpreted as “special characters” by methods System.out.print and System.out.println
  • Indicates cursor should be on next line
  • Welcome3.java�System.out.println( "Welcome\nto\nJava\nProgramming!" );
  • Line breaks at \n
  • Can use in System.out.println or System.out.print to create new lines

System.out.println( "Welcome\nto\nJava\nProgramming!" );

Example (Welcome3.java)

// Welcome3.java

public class Welcome3 {

} // end class Welcome3

  • Escape characters
  • Backslash ( \ ) indicates special characters to be output

For example System.out.println( "\"in quotes\"" );

Displays "in quotes"

Displaying Text in a Dialog Box

  • Most Java applications use windows or a dialog box
  • We have used command window
  • Class JOptionPane allows us to use dialog boxes
  • Set of predefined classes for us to use
  • Groups of related classes called packages
  • Group of all packages known as Java class library or Java applications programming interface (Java API)
  • JOptionPane is in the javax.swing package
  • Package has classes for using Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs)

Displaying Text in a Dialog Box (Cont.)

  • Upcoming program
  • Application that uses dialog boxes
  • Explanation will come afterwards
  • Demonstrate another way to display output
  • Packages, methods and GUI

Example (Welcome4.java)

// Welcome4.java

// Printing multiple lines in a dialog box.

// Java packages

import javax.swing.JOptionPane; // program uses JOptionPane

public class Welcome4 {

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(

null , "Welcome\nto\nJava\nProgramming!" );

System.exit( 0 );

// terminate application with window

} // end class Welcome4

Another Java Application : Adding Integers

  • Use input dialogs to input two values from user
  • Use message dialog to display sum of the two values

Example (Addition.java)

// Addition.java

// Addition program that displays the sum of two numbers.

public class Addition {

String firstNumber; // first string entered by user

String secondNumber; // second string entered by user

int number1; // first number to add

int number2; // second number to add

int sum; // sum of number1 and number2

// read in first number from user as a String

firstNumber = JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Enter first integer" );

// read in second number from user as a String

secondNumber =

JOptionPane.showInputDialog( "Enter second integer" );

Example (Addition.java) (Cont.)

// convert numbers from type String to type int

number1 = Integer.parseInt( firstNumber );

number2 = Integer.parseInt( secondNumber );

// add numbers

sum = number1 + number2;

// display result

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog( null , "The sum is " + sum, "Results" ,� JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE );

System.exit( 0 ); // terminate application with window

} // end class Addition

Icon

Review Questions

  • What is needed to run Java on a computer?
  • What are the input and output of a Java compiler?
  • Explain the Java keywords. List some that you have learned.
  • Is Java case-sensitive? What is the case for Java keyword?
  • What is the Java source filename extension, and what is the Java bytecode filename extension?
  • What is the statement to display a string on the console? What is the statement to display the message “Hello World” in a message dialog box?
  • Read Chapter01 Summary (P. 28-29)
  • Create a Java program that displays these text in a dialog:

I am a student at CMU.

I am practicing Java code.

“Thanks!!!”

  • Create a Java program that receives 3 input from users (Name, Midterm and Final score) and display the result on a dialog box:

Student Name: xxx xxx

Midterm score: xx pt

Final score: xx pt

Total score: xx pt

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Java Tutorial

Control statements, java object class, java inheritance, java polymorphism, java abstraction, java encapsulation, java oops misc.

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Java is an object-oriented, class-based programming language. The language is designed to have as few dependencies implementations as possible. The intention of using this language is to give relief to the developers from writing codes for every platform. The term WORA, write once and run everywhere is often associated with this language. It means whenever we compile a Java code, we get the byte code (.class file), and that can be executed (without compiling it again) on different platforms provided they support Java. In the year 1995, Java language was developed. It is mainly used to develop web, desktop, and mobile devices. The Java language is known for its robustness, security, and simplicity features. That is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

The Java language has a very interesting history. Patrick Naughton, Mike Sheridan, and Jame Gosling, known as the Green team, started the development of Java in the year 1991. These people were the engineers at . In 1996, the first public implementation was released as Java 1.0. The compiler of Java 1.0 was rewritten by Arthur Van Hoff to comply strictly with its specification. With the introduction of Java 2, the new versions have multiple different configurations that have been built for the various platforms. It is worth noting that James Gosling is also known as the father of Java.

The ISO standard body was approached by Sun Microsystems in the year 1997 to formalize Java, but the process was withdrawn soon. At one point in time, Sun Microsystems provided most of its implementation of Java available without any cost, despite having the status of proprietary software.

The Implementation of an application program in Java application includes the following steps.

It is worth noting here that JDK (Java Development Kit) should be installed properly on the system, and the path should also be set.

The Java program can be written using a Text Editor (Notepad++ or NotePad or other editors will also do the job.) or IDE (Eclipse, NetBeans, etc.).

TestClass.java

Write the above code and save the file with the name TestClass. The file should have the extension.

Open the command prompt, and type . is the command that makes the Java compiler come to action to compile the Java program. After the command, we must put the name of the file that needs to be compiled. In our case, it is . After typing, press the enter button. If everything goes well, a TestClass.class file will be generated that contains the byte code. If there is some error in the program, the compiler will point it out, and will not be created.

After the .class file is created, type to run the program. The output of the program will be shown on the console, which is mentioned below.

Initially, the name oak was given to the language. However, the team decided that a new name should be given to the language, and words like, DNA, revolutionary, Jolt, Dynamic, Silk, etc. were suggested. All these names were fun to say and easy to spell out. But what was missing was the essence of the language in the suggested names, which the team wanted to have. As per James Gosling, Java, and Silk were two of the most popular options, and since Java had a unique name, most people preferred it.

Java is also a name of an island in Indonesia where coffee (named Java Coffee) was produced. The name Java was chosen by James Gosling because he was having coffee near his office. Readers should note that Java is not an acronym. It is just a name.

JVM is the specification that facilitates the runtime environment in which the execution of the Java bytecode takes place. . JVM facilitates the definition of the memory area, register set, class file format, and fatal error reporting. Note that the JVM is platform dependent.

It has already been discussed in the introductory part that the Java compiler compiles the Java code to generate the .class file or the byte code. One has to use the command to invoke the Java compiler.

It is the complete Java Development Kit that encompasses everything, including JRE(Java Runtime Environment), compiler, java docs, debuggers, etc. JDK must be installed on the computer for the creation, compilation, and execution of a Java program.

JRE is part of the JDK. If a system has only JRE installed, then the user can only run the program. In other words, only the command works. The compilation of a Java program will not be possible (the command will not work).

Programmers are not able to delete objects in Java. In order to do so, JVM has a program known as Garbage Collector. Garbage Collectors recollect or delete unreferenced objects. Garbage Collector makes the life of a developer/ programmer easy as they do not have to worry about memory management.

As the name suggests, classpath is the path where the Java compiler and the Java runtime search the .class file to load. Many inbuilt libraries are provided by the JDK. However, if someone wants to use the external libraries, it should be added to the classpath.

Instead of directly generating the .exe file, Java compiler converts the Java code to byte code, and this byte code can be executed on different platforms without any issue, which makes Java a platform-independent language. Note that in order to execute the byte code, JVM has to be installed on the system, which is platform dependent.

The concept of object-oriented programing is based on the concept of objects and classes. Also, there are several qualities that are present in object-oriented programming. A few of them are mentioned below.

The Java language also extensively uses the concepts of classes and objects. Also, all these features mentioned above are there in Java, which makes Java an object-oriented programming language. Note that Java is an object-oriented programming language but not 100% object-oriented.

Java is considered a simple language because it does not have the concept of pointers, multiple inheritances, explicit memory allocation, or operator overloading.

Java language is very much robust. The meaning of robust is reliable. The Java language is developed in such a fashion that a lot of error checking is done as early as possible. It is because of this reason that this language can identify those errors that are difficult to identify in other programming languages. Exception Handling, garbage collections, and memory allocation are the features that make Java robust.

There are several errors like buffer overflow or stack corruption that are not possible to exploit in the Java language. We know that the Java language does not have pointers. Therefore, it is not possible to have access to out-of-bound arrays. If someone tries to do so, ArrayIndexOutofBound Exception is raised. Also, the execution of the Java programs happens in an environment that is completely independent of the Operating System, which makes this language even more secure.

Distributed applications can be created with the help of the Java language. Enterprise Java beans and Remote Method Invocation are used for creating distributed applications. The distribution of Java programs can happen easily between one or more systems that are connected to each other using the internet.

The Java language supports multithreading. The multithreading feature supports the execution of two or more parts of the program concurrently. Thus, the utilization of the CPU is maximized.

We know that Java is a platform-independent language. Thus, the byte code generated on one system can be taken on any other platform for execution, which makes Java portable.

The architecture of Java is created in such a fashion that it decreases runtime overhead. In some places, Java uses JIT (Just In Time) compiler when the code is compiled on a demand basis, where the compiler is only compiling those methods that are invoked and thus making the faster execution of applications.

The Java language follows the Object-Oriented programming paradigm, which gives us the liberty to add new methods and classes to the existing classes. The Java language also supports functions mentioned in C/C++ languages and which are generally referred to as the native methods.

It is a known fact that Java programs are executed in different environment, which gives liberty to users to execute their own applications without impacting the underlying system using the bytecode verifier. The Bytecode verifier also gives extra security as it checks the code for the violation of access.

The Java code is compiled by the compiler to get the .class file or the byte code, which is completely independent of any machine architecture.

Most of languages are either interpreted language or the compiled language. However, in the case of the Java language, it is compiled as well as the interpreted language. The Java code is compiled to get the bytecode, and the bytecode is interpreted by the software-based interpreter.

DemoClass.java

AddMul.java

ComputeAv.java

FahrenheitCelsius.java

TriangleArea.java

It is used for putting comments in the code to make it more readable for the readers. The compiler ignores the comments completely while compiling the program. For multi lines comment, we use: /* … */

The most important method of the program where the execution begins. Therefore, all the logic must reside in the main method. If the main() method is not containing the logic, then it will be there in some other method, but that method must be invoked from the main() method directly or indirectly.

The keyword class is used for declaring class in the Java language.

it means that the function or method will not be returning anything.

It is used to print statements, patterns, etc., on the console.

It is a command line argument that is used for taking input.

It is an access specifier keyword. When it is applied to a method, then that method is visible to all. Other access specifier keywords are, private, protected, and default.

It means that all of the classes present in the package is imported. The java.io package facilitates the output and input streams for writing and reading data to files. * means all. If one wants to import only a specific class, then replace the * with the name of the class.

It is the input stream that is utilized for reading characters from the input-giving device, which is usually a keyboard in our case.

The static keyword tells that the method can be accessed without doing the instantiation of the class.

As System.in is used for reading the characters, System.out is used to give the result of the program on an output device such as the computer screen.

The different data types, int for the integers, double for double. Other data types are char, boolean, float, etc.

The method shows the texts on the console. The method prints the text to the screen and then moves to the next line. For the next line, ln is used. If we do not want the cursor to move to the next line, use the method print().





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Introduction to programming in java, lecture 1: types, variables, operators.

Lecture presentation on programming in Java. Topics include: the computer, CPU instructions, programming languages, Java, program structure, output, types, variables, and operators.

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Introduction to Java Programming

Published by James Charles Modified over 6 years ago

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Introduction to Java Programming

Chapter 1: Computer Systems

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Programming with Java. Problem Solving The purpose of writing a program is to solve a problem The general steps in problem solving are: –Understand the.

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1 Kursusform  13 uger med: Undervisning i klassen 1,5-2 timer Opgave ”regning” i databar (løsninger på hjemmeside) En midtvejsopgave der afleveres og.

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The Java Programming Language

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ECE122 L2: Program Development February 1, 2007 ECE 122 Engineering Problem Solving with Java Lecture 2 Program Development.

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Aalborg Media Lab 21-Jun-15 Software Design Lecture 1 “ Introduction to Java and OOP”

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Outline Java program structure Basic program elements

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Chapter 1 Introduction. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved1-2 Outline Computer Processing Hardware Components Networks The Java Programming.

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Chapter 1 Introduction.

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1 Character Strings and Variables Character Strings Variables, Initialization, and Assignment Reading for this class: L&L,

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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis.

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© 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved1-1 Intermediate Java Programming Lory Al Moakar.

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Prepared by Uzma Hashmi Instructor Information Uzma Hashmi Office: B# 7/ R# address: Group Addresses Post message:

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HOW COMPUTERS MANIPULATE DATA Chapter 1 Coming up: Analog vs. Digital.

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1 Variables, Constants, and Data Types Primitive Data Types Variables, Initialization, and Assignment Constants Characters Strings Reading for this class:

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Outline Character Strings Variables and Assignment Primitive Data Types Expressions Data Conversion Interactive Programs Graphics Applets Drawing Shapes.

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Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley John Lewis, Peter DePasquale, and Joseph Chase Chapter 1: Introduction.

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CSC 1051 – Data Structures and Algorithms I Dr. Mary-Angela Papalaskari Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Course website:

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© 2006 Pearson Education Computer Systems Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science A 2nd Edition.

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Spire.Presentation for Java is a professional PowerPoint API that enables developers to create, read, write, convert and save PowerPoint documents in Java Applications.

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Spire.Presentation for Java is a professional PowerPoint API that enables developers to create, read , write, convert and save PowerPoint documents in Java Applications. As an independent Java library, Spire.Presentation doesn't need Microsoft PowerPoint to be installed on system.

A rich set of features can be supported by Spire.Presentation for Java, such as add/edit/remove slide , create chart , create table , add bullets , encrypt and decrypt PPT , add watermark , add hyperlink , insert audio and video , paragraph settings, document properties settings , insert/extract image , extract text , set animation , add header and footer , add/delete comment, add note , create SmartArt .

Standalone Java API

Spire.Presentation for Java is a 100% independent Java PowerPoint API which doesn't require Microsoft PowerPoint to be installed on system.

Support PowerPoint Version

  • PPT - PowerPoint Presentation 97-2003
  • PPS - PowerPoint SlideShow 97-2003
  • PPTX - PowerPoint Presentation 2007/2010/2013/2016/2019
  • PPSX - PowerPoint SlideShow 2007, 2010

Rich PowerPoint Elements Supported

Spire.Presentation for Java supports to process a variety of PowerPoint elements, such as slide , text , image , shape , table , chart , watermark , animation , header and footer , comment , note , SmartArt , hyperlink , OLE object, audio and video .

High Quality PowerPoint File Conversion

Spire.Presentation for Java allow developers to convert PowerPoint documents to other file formats such as:

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Creating a MS PowerPoint Presentation in Java

Last updated: January 8, 2024

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1. Introduction

In this article, we’ll see how we can create a presentation using Apache POI .

This library gives us a possibility to create PowerPoint presentations, read existing ones, and to alter their content.

2. Maven Dependencies

To begin, we’ll need to add the following dependencies into our pom.xml :

The latest version of both libraries can be downloaded from Maven Central.

3. Apache POI

The Apache POI library supports both .ppt and .pptx files , and it provides the HSLF implementation for the Powerpoint ’97(-2007) file format and the XSLF for the PowerPoint 2007 OOXML file format.

Since a common interface doesn’t exist for both implementations, we have to remember to use the XMLSlideShow , XSLFSlide and XSLFTextShape classes when working with the newer .pptx file format .

And, when it’s required to work with the older .ppt format, use the HSLFSlideShow , HSLFSlide and HSLFTextParagraph classes.

We’ll use the new .pptx file format in our examples, and the first thing we have to do is create a new presentation, add a slide to it (maybe using a predefined layout) and save it.

Once these operations are clear, we can then start working with images, text, and tables.

3.1. Create a New Presentation

Let’s first create the new presentation:

3.2. Add a New Slide

When adding a new slide to a presentation, we can also choose to create it from a predefined layout. To achieve this, we first have to retrieve the XSLFSlideMaster that holds layouts (the first one is the default master):

Now, we can retrieve the XSLFSlideLayout and use it when creating the new slide:

Let’s see how to fill placeholders inside a template:

Remember that each template has its placeholders, instances of the XSLFAutoShape subclass, which could differ in number from one template to another.

Let’s see how we can quickly retrieve all placeholders from a slide:

3.3. Saving a Presentation

Once we’ve created the slideshow, the next step is to save it:

4. Working With Objects

Now that we saw how to create a new presentation, add a slide to it (using or not a predefined template) and save it, we can start adding text, images, links, and tables.

Let’s start with the text.

When working with text inside a presentation, as in MS PowerPoint, we have to create the text box inside a slide, add a paragraph and then add the text to the paragraph:

When configuring the XSLFTextRun , it’s possible to customize its style by picking the font family and if the text should be in bold, italic or underlined.

4.2. Hyperlinks

When adding text to a presentation, sometimes it can be useful to add hyperlinks.

Once we have created the XSLFTextRun object, we can now add a link:

4.3. Images

We can add images, as well:

However, without a proper configuration, the image will be placed in the top left corner of the slide . To place it properly, we have to configure its anchor point:

The XSLFPictureShape accepts a Rectangle as an anchor point, which allows us to configure the x/y coordinates with the first two parameters, and the width/height of the image with the last two.

Text, inside of a presentation, is often represented in the form of a list, numbered or not.

Let’s now define a list of bullet points:

Similarly, we can define a numbered list:

In case we’re working with multiple lists, it’s always important to define the indentLevel to achieve a proper indentation of items.

4.5. Tables

Tables are another key object in a presentation and are helpful when we want to display data.

Let’s start by creating a table:

Now, we can add a header:

Once the header is completed, we can add rows and cells to our table to display data:

When working with tables, it’s important to remind that it’s possible to customize the border and the background of every single cell.

5. Altering a Presentation

Not always when working on a slideshow, we have to create a new one, but we have to alter an already existing one.

Let’s give a look to the one that we created in the previous section and then we can start altering it:

presentation 1

5.1. Reading a Presentation

Reading a presentation is pretty simple and can be done using the XMLSlideShow overloaded constructor that accepts a FileInputStream :

5.2. Changing Slide Order

When adding slides to our presentation, it’s a good idea to put them in the correct order to have a proper flow of slides.

When this doesn’t happen, it’s possible to re-arrange the order of the slides. Let’s see how we can move the fourth slide to be the second one:

5.3. Deleting a Slide

It’s also possible to delete a slide from a presentation.

Let’s see how we can delete the 4th slide:

6. Conclusion

This quick tutorial has illustrated how to use the Apache POI API to read and write PowerPoint file from a Java perspective.

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Free Java PowerPoint Library – Create Read Modify Print Convert PowerPoint Documents in Java

100%free java library to process powerpoint files.

Spire.Presentation for Java is a professional PowerPoint API that enables developers to create, read, write, convert and save PowerPoint documents in Java Applications. As an independent Java library, Spire.Presentation doesn't need Microsoft PowerPoint to be installed on system.

A rich set of features can be supported by Spire.Presentation for Java, such as , , , , PPT, , , insert and , , , , , , add header and , , , .

Spire.Presentation for Java also supports to convert PowerPoint document to , , PPTX and in high quality.

:
Free version is limited to 10 presentation slides. This limitation is enforced during writing PPT, PPTX. When converting PowerPoint files to PDF, Image, XPS, you can only get the first 3 pages of file. Upgrade to .We don't provide technical or any other support to the users of the free versions.

Compared with the free version, the comemrcial editon has no slides limitation and is more comprehensive in processing PowerPoint files.

Free version is limited to 10 presentation slides when creating PPT and PPTX. When converting PowerPoint files to PDF, Image or XPS, you can only get the first 10 pages of the generated file.

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Spire.Presentation for Java is a 100% Free and independent Java PowerPoint library, it doesn't require Microsoft Office or any other 3rd party library to be installed on system.

Spire.Presentation for Java allows converting PowerPoint to , , PPTX and file in high quality.

Spire.Presentation for Java supports to process a variety of PowerPoint elements, such as , , , , , , , , header and , , , , , OLE object, and .

Spire.Presentation for Java can be easily integrated into Java applications.

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Convert PowerPoint to PDF

Converting PowerPoint to PDF helps you maintain the layout and formatting of your presentation when viewed on different systems or devices.

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Convert PowerPoint to XPS

XPS is a fixed-layout document format similar to PDF. As such, when you need to print, transfer or archive a PowerPoint document, converting it to XPS format would also be a great option.

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Convert PowerPoint to Image

Compared with PowerPoint presentations, images are easier to view and more user friendly, because they can be opened on almost any applications without the need for Microsoft PowerPoint.

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Create Slide Masters

A slide master controls the design of all the slides based on it. Using a slide master makes it easier to create presentations that look consistent and visually appealing.

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Add a Watermark

Watermarks are used to declare confidentiality, copyright, source, or other attributes of the document, or as a decoration to make the document more attractive. Both text watermarks and image watermarks can be added to presentations.

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Add Speaker Notes

Adding speaker notes to a PowerPoint presentation provides reference material for the speaker when they’re presenting a slideshow, allowing them to stay on track without forgetting the key points to deliver a flawless presentation.

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Digitally Sign PowerPoint Documents

A digital signature provides assurances about the validity and authenticity of your presentation. Once a PowerPoint document is digitally signed, any changes to the document will invalidate the signature.

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Extract Text and Images

If you only need the text and images of a PowerPoint document regardless of their formatting and layout, you can directly extract them from the document.

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Insert Charts

Charts in PowerPoint can help illustrate data, show trends or changes in data over time, and make the whole document more professional and attractive.

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Insert Images and Shapes

Adding pictures and shapes can make your presentations more interesting and engaging. And you can customize your images by cropping, reordering, changing colors or adding other formatting and customize shape according to your own color palette, preferences.

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Insert a SmartArt

SmartArt is a way to combine text, shapes and colors into an image or illustration. SmartArt graphics let you easily create a visual representation of your information.

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100% Free Java Library to PowerPoint® Files

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Free Spire.Presentation for Java is a professional PowerPoint API that enables developers to create, read, write, convert and save PowerPoint documents in Java Applications. As an independent Java library, Spire.Presentation doesn't need Microsoft PowerPoint to be installed on system.

A rich set of features can be supported by Free Spire.Presentation for Java, such as add/edit/remove slide , create chart , create table , add bullets , encrypt and decrypt PPT, add watermark , add hyperlink , insert audio and video , paragraph settings , document properties settings , insert/extract image , extract text , set animation , add header and footer , add/delete comment , add note , create SmartArt .

Free Spire.Presentation for Java also supports to convert PowerPoint document to image , PDF , PPTX and SVG in high quality.

Friendly Reminder : Free version is limited to 10 presentation slides. This limitation is enforced during writing PPT, PPTX. When converting PowerPoint files to PDF, Image, XPS, you can only get the first 3 pages of file. Upgrade to Commercial Edition of Spire.Presentation for Java . We don't provide technical or any other support to the users of the free versions.

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Set Animations on Shapes in PowerPoint

Animation is a great way to emphasize important points, to control the flow of information, and to increase viewer interest in your presentation. You can animate almost every objects in PowerPoint slide to give them visual effects.

Standalone Java API

100% independent Java PowerPoint API which doesn't require Microsoft PowerPoint to be installed on system.

  • PPT - PowerPoint Presentation 97-2003
  • PPS - PowerPoint SlideShow 97-2003
  • PPTX - PowerPoint Presentation 2007/2010/2013/2016/2019
  • PPSX - PowerPoint SlideShow 2007, 2010

Powerful Toolset, Multichannel Support

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Work with PowerPoint Charts

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Print PowerPoint Presentations

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Images and Shapes

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Audio and Video

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Protect Presentation Slides

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Text and Image Watermark

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Merge Split PowerPoint Document

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Compared with the free version, the comemrcial editon has no slides limitation and is more comprehensive in processing PowerPoint files.

Free Edition $0

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GET STARTED

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Support Environment

Support powerpoint version, paragraph and text, image and shape, table and chart, comment and note.

Here is a brief summary of Free Spire.Presentation for Java features.

  • 100% Written in Java
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  • PPTX - PowerPoint Presentation 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019
  • Convert PPT/PPTX to Image
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  • Convert PPT to PPTX
  • Convert PPT/PPTX to SVG
  • Convert PPT/PPTX to HTML
  • Convert PPT/PPTX to XPS
  • Encrypt Documents
  • Remove Encryption
  • Set Document to Read Only
  • Create, Remove, Hide and Clone Slide
  • Change Slide Layout
  • Add Master Slide
  • Set Background
  • Set Transitions
  • Set Paragraph Indent
  • Add Bullets
  • Extract Text
  • Insert Hyperlinks
  • Add Text Watermark
  • Insert Image
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  • Fill Shape (with solid, gradient color or picture)
  • Extract Image and Shape
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  • Create Table
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DEV Community

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E-iceblue Product Family

Posted on Dec 14, 2018 • Updated on Dec 17, 2018

Create PowerPoint Presentations in Java

In this article, we will show you how to create PowerPoint presentations from scratch using a free Java PowerPoint API – Free Spire.Presentation for Java.

Table of Contents

Overview of free spire.presentation for java, create a “hello world” presentation.

  • Format Content in Presentation

Add Images to Presentation

Add bullet list to presentation, create table in presentation, create chart in presentation, set document properties to presentation, protect presentation with password.

Free Spire.Presentation for Java is a free Java PowerPoint API, by which developers can create, read, modify, write, convert and save PowerPoint document in Java applications without installing Microsoft Office.

For more information of Free Spire.Presentation for Java, check here .

Download Free Spire.Presentation jars: https://www.e-iceblue.com/Download/presentation-for-java-free.html

The following example shows how to create a simple presentation with “Hello World” text.

Hello World example

Format Text Content in Presentation

The following example shows how to format text content in a presentation.

Format text content

The following example shows how to add images to a presentation.

Add images

The following example shows how to add bullet list to presentation.

Add bullet list

The following example shows how to create table in presentation.

Create table

Free Spire.Presentation for Java supports a variety types of charts. Here we choose bubble chart as an example.

Create chart

The following example shows how to set document properties, such as author, company, key words, comments, category, title and subject, to a presentation.

Set document properties

The following example shows how to protect a presentation with password.

Protect presentation

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How to Create a MS PowerPoint Presentation in Java with a Maven Project?

In the software industry, presentations play a major role as information can be conveyed easily in a presentable way via presentations. Using Java, with the help of Apache POI, we can create elegant presentations. Let us see in this article how to do that.

Necessary dependencies for using Apache POI:

It has support for both .ppt and .pptx files. i.e. via 

  • HSLF implementation is used for the Powerpoint 97(-2007) file format 
  • XSLF implementation for the PowerPoint 2007 OOXML file format.

There is no common interface available for both implementations. Hence for 

  • .pptx formats, XMLSlideShow, XSLFSlide, and XSLFTextShape classes need to be used.
  • .ppt formats, HSLFSlideShow, HSLFSlide, and HSLFTextParagraph classes need to be used.

Let us see the example of creating with .pptx format

Creation of a new presentation:

Next is adding a slide

Now, we can retrieve the XSLFSlideLayout and it has to be used while creating the new slide

Let us cover the whole concept by going through a sample maven project.

Example Maven Project

Project Structure:

As this is the maven project, let us see the necessary dependencies via pom.xml

" " ">

PowerPointHelper.java

In this file below operations are seen

  • A new presentation is created
  • New slides are added
  • save the presentation as

We can write Text, create hyperlinks, and add images. And also the creation of a list, and table are all possible. In general, we can create a full-fledged presentation easily as well can alter the presentation by adjusting the slides, deleting the slides, etc. Below code is self-explanatory and also added comments to get an understanding of it also.

  "

We can able to get the presentation got created according to the code written and its contents are shown in the image below

We can test the same by means of the below test file as well

PowerPointIntegrationTest.java

Output of JUnit:

We have seen the ways of creating of presentation, adding text, images, lists, etc to the presentation as well as altering the presentation as well. Apache POI API is a very useful and essential API that has to be used in software industries for working with the presentation.

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