critical thinking introduction ppt

Got any suggestions?

We want to hear from you! Send us a message and help improve Slidesgo

Top searches

Trending searches

15 templates

pink flowers

255 templates

62 templates

11 templates

49 templates

student council

Critical thinking lesson, it seems that you like this template, critical thinking lesson presentation, free google slides theme, powerpoint template, and canva presentation template.

Critical thinking appears to be a difficult matter to understand. Well, we can help you with the design of a presentation about that topic! You'll notice the colorful nature of the elements used in the slides, which may encourage viewers (or students!) to think about this concept. Try this template and use it in class!

Features of this template

• 100% editable and easy to modify
• 32 different slides to impress your audience
• Contains easy-to-edit graphics such as graphs, maps, tables, timelines and mockups
• Includes 500+ icons and Flaticon’s extension for customizing your slides
• Designed to be used in Google Slides, Canva, and Microsoft PowerPoint
• 16:9 widescreen format suitable for all types of screens
• Includes information about fonts, colors, and credits of the free resources used

How can I use the template?

Am I free to use the templates?

How to attribute?

Attribution required If you are a free user, you must attribute Slidesgo by keeping the slide where the credits appear. How to attribute?

Register for free and start downloading now

Related posts on our blog.

How to Add, Duplicate, Move, Delete or Hide Slides in Google Slides

How to Change Layouts in PowerPoint

How to Change the Slide Size in Google Slides

Related presentations.

Premium template

Unlock this template and gain unlimited access

• My presentations

Auth with social network:

Download presentation

We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you!

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

THINKING. Critical Thinking

Published by Noelia Jasper Modified over 10 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "THINKING. Critical Thinking"— Presentation transcript:

By Anthony Campanaro & Dennis Hernandez

Critical Thinking Skills Academic Support Unit Adapted from: Practicing College Learning Strategies 3 rd edition Carolyn H. Hopper.

Critical and Creative Thinking Becoming an Active Learner Chapter 4.

CT is a self-directed process by which we take deliberate steps to think at the highest level of quality. CT is skillful, responsible thinking that is.

Studying Life Science Chapter 1.

‘ the 6 thinking styles’ by Dr. Edward de Bono (Ch. 8, the team handbook, p 6-7) Pooja Kishore Emily Vaughn Team: Fo’Sho!

Welcome Critical Thinking Academic Success Center

Evaluating Thinking Through Intellectual Standards

Creating Critical Thinkers Samantha Emswiler M.A. Philosophy, University of Miami.

Critical Thinking Presented by Holly Klingler, M.A., M.L.I.S.

Critical Thinking  Sitting on top of your shoulders is one of the finest computers on the earth.  But, like any other muscle in your body, it needs to.

Critical Thinking  Your brain, like any other muscle in your body, it needs to be exercised to work its best.  That exercise is called THINKING. I think,

The Essence of Critical Thinking the reasoned identification and evaluation of evidence to guide decision making analysis the form and content of evidence.

Book cover art to be inserted Chapter 9 Critical Thinking and Creative Problem Solving.

Unlocking the mind to critical thinking. “Thinking about Thinking”

Minnesota State Community and Technical College Critical Thinking Assignment Example and Assessment.

INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL THINKING. “There are multiple decisions which you have to make entirely by yourself. You can’t lean on anybody else. And a good.

Chapter 1 Dev Ed Writing 990. “[n] obody is capable of free speech unless he [or she] knows how to use language, and such knowledge is not a gift: It.

Definitions – John Dewey

About project

© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc. All rights reserved.

Logic and Critical Thinking

Jul 27, 2014

750 likes | 1.17k Views

Logic and Critical Thinking. CCC8001 2 nd Term 2013. introduction. Course Particulars. Instructor: Dr. Michael Johnson Office: Room HSH219, Ho Sin Hang Building Office Hours: Monday s 15:00 to 16:00 Email: [email protected] Office Telephone: 2616 7052.

Share Presentation

• ccc8001 2nd term
• homework assignments
• important background
• regulations governing university examinations

Presentation Transcript

Logic and Critical Thinking CCC8001 2nd Term 2013

introduction

Course Particulars • Instructor: Dr. Michael Johnson • Office: Room HSH219, Ho Sin Hang Building • Office Hours: Mondays 15:00 to 16:00 • Email: [email protected] • Office Telephone: 2616 7052

Course Website Go to http://michaeljohnsonphilosophy.com/logic-and-critical-thinking-2013/ All of the powerpoint slides will be posted there, along with reading assignments and homework assignments.

Meeting Times Monday 13:30 to 14:50 Leung KauKui (LKK) G01 Thursday 13:30 to 14:50 LKK 107

Assessment • Attendance: 10%. • Four homework assignments, each worth 5% of the grade, for a total of 20%. • One in-class midterm on 11 March, worth 30%. • One cumulative final exam, worth 40%.

Attendance Attendance is required and accounts for 10% of your final grade. You cannot get an ‘A’ in this course if you do not attend classes. Every day you don’t attend, you lose 0.5 points off your final grade, up to a maximum of 10.

Final Exam The final exam will occur during the scheduled exam period (TBA). It will consist of multiple choice and short-answer questions. It is worth 40% of your final grade. More details will be announced as the date of the final approaches. There will be a review (2/5).

Important Note Students shall be aware of the University regulations about dishonest practice in course work and the possible consequences as stipulated in the Regulations Governing University Examinations.

What is Critical Thinking? There are two basic decisions to make in life: 1. Decide what to believe: What do I believe? 2. Decide what to do: What do I do?

Deciding What to Believe The things you believe (or disbelieve) are claims. Examples of claims include: • Aliens exist. • 2 + 2 = 4. • Pocari Sweat is better than Aquarius. • You should kill children for fun.

Claims Claims can be: General or specific True or false Plausible or implausible Reasonable or unreasonable Supported by evidence or not…

Example: Theories Scientific theories are claims that are supported by lots of evidence, that integrate lots of our knowledge, and that explain and predict lots of phenomena.

Example: Guesses Guesses are claims that the guesser only believes might be true, or are probably true.

Example: Lies A lie is a claim that is known to be false and is made to deceive you into believing something false.

Claims Scientific theories, guesses, and lies are all claims. There are lots of other types of claims: hypotheses, deductions, considerations… A claim is something that is presented as true. Sometimes good reasons are given for accepting it, sometimes no reasons are given, and sometimes misleading reasons are given.

Critical Thinking Is there any evidence to support the claim? Is the evidence reliable and trustworthy? How reliable is it? Should you accept it? Does the evidence actually support the claim? Is there other evidence you should consider?

Critical Thinking Critical thinking involves asking these questions at the right times, knowing how to answer them, and knowing how to use those answers to accept or reject a claim. This is a skills-oriented class. These are the skills we will learn.

You Already Do It You are already a critical thinker. You use critical thinking skills all the time, even if you don’t know it.

Is there any evidence? On a lot of airlines, you are required to turn off your cell phones and other electronic devices during takeoff and landing. Claim: Keeping your devices on poses a danger. But is there any evidence that this is true? Are there studies? What do scientists say?

Is there any evidence? Flu season comes and it’s really bad. You should probably get a flu shot. Or should you go to the traditional Chinese medicine shop? They say their medicine can prevent the flu too.

How reliable is the evidence? Here’s a common story you’ll hear: Claim: Oh, you have a cold? You should get the doctor to prescribe antibiotics for you. Evidence: I got a cold and after a couple days was feeling really bad. I got some antibiotics and two days later, I felt great!

How reliable is the evidence? But this can’t be true. Colds are caused by viruses, and antibiotics only work on bacteria. The story you heard is a case of regression to the mean. People go to the doctor when they’re feeling worst. Of course they feel better later, they would feel better later anyway. Colds usually take care of themselves in 6 days.

Does the evidence support the claim? Companies often pay celebrities and other public figures to endorse their products. Claim: You should buy/ use this product. Evidence: Celebrity X buys/ uses this product. But is it any reason to buy something that some other person is paid to say they like it?

Does the evidence support the claim? But what do those doctors know about the health effects of cigarettes? Have they done studies? Maybe they smoke Camels because they’re cheaper, or because they’re “cooler” or for some other reason.

Is there other evidence to consider? Claim: Prayer heals the sick. Evidence: My mother had cancer, but then I prayed for her. Her cancer went into remission. But how many people were prayed for and not cured? How many people were not prayed for, but still had their cancer go into remission? Does prayer work or was this just an accident?

Critical Thinking Becoming a better critical thinker involves exercising these skills, asking these questions and finding out the answers, more often and more effectively and in a wider range of circumstances.

Logic This course is called Logic and Critical Thinking, and we will be learning about logic. Logic is a helpful tool for verifying the quality of arguments.

Philosophical Arguments In ordinary English, an argument is where two or more people have different views, and they heatedly or angrily discuss them. In philosophy, it’s when we present certain claims as evidence for other claims. So critical thinking is about evaluating arguments– are the claims presented as evidence true? Do they support the conclusions?

Validity An important concept in logic is validity, a particularly strong sort of evidential support. An argument is valid = if the claims presented as evidence in the argument (the “premises”) are true, then the claim that evidence supports (the “conclusion”) of the argument must be true (cannot be false).

Formally Valid Arguments Ancient philosophers (both Western and Chinese) discovered that you can tell that some arguments are valid by looking at their form alone.

Example Here’s an example of a valid argument form: Evidence: If A is true, then B is true. Evidence: A is true. Claim: Therefore, B is true. Notice that even if you don’t know what the claims A and B are, you know that if the evidence is true, then the claim is true.

Logic Logic is the study of formal validity. We try to find all the valid logical forms. That way, if we ever find an argument that has one of those forms, we will know for sure that it is valid. It wasn’t until recently that we (or a German mathematician named Gottlob Frege) found a way to find all the valid logical forms. This is the logic we learn about today.

The Limits of Logic Logic isn’t the entire story. It doesn’t have anything to say about the good arguments that are not formally valid, and it can’t identify bad arguments. There’s also another kind of “goodness” for arguments: a sound argument is valid and its premises are true. But logic alone can’t tell us what’s true.

Deciding What to Do But critical thinking does not end there. Notice that we still do not know what to do. Should I turn off my cell phone on an airplane? Should I smoke Camels? Should I eat shark fin soup if I want to avoid cancer? What do I do?

Choices A choice is a decision between two or more actions. Sometimes choices lead to the outcomes we desire with certainty. Sometimes they only likely lead to the outcome we desire. Sometimes our choices are very unlikely to get us the outcome we desire.

Choices Choices can be: Important or unimportant Easy or difficult Rational or irrational Successful or unsuccessful…

Critical Thinking What outcomes can my choice lead to? Does the outcome of my decision depend on factors other than what I choose to do? What is the likelihood that deciding to take a specific action will lead to a specific outcome? Which outcomes do I most prefer?

What outcomes can my choice lead to? Here’s an example from the United States: A lot of religious conservatives in the U.S. campaign to make abortion illegal, and elect government officials who say they will try to make it illegal. (Important background: the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that laws against abortion are unconstitutional.)

What outcomes can my choice lead to? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJh6frpykQk But if abortion is illegal, presumably women who get abortions will go to jail. So do the campaigners who want to make abortion illegal want these women in jail? In the video, we see a woman who’s quite confused as to what outcome her position leads to.

What do the outcomes depend on? Sometimes, when we make a choice, the outcome depends not just on what we’ve chosen to do, but also on what others have chosen. Suppose I have a scholarship that I can offer to exactly one student to come to my school. If they don’t accept it, I cannot offer it to anyone else…

What do the outcomes depend on? If I offer it to the best student, she is most likely to decline it (she has other scholarships to other schools, she may decide to go somewhere else). If I offer it to the worst student, she is most likely to accept it (she probably has no other scholarships and no other admittances). But I don’t want to give money to the worst student!

How likely is this choice to effect this outcome? Sometimes the same action can result in different outcomes with different likelihoods. If I decide to have unprotected sex, there is some probability that I will get AIDS, some probability I will get syphilis, some probability I will not contract any STI, etc. These facts clearly matter to my decision.

Which outcomes do I most prefer? Taking different actions (making different decisions) can often lead to different outcomes. But it’s not always obvious which outcomes to prefer. Obviously $50 is better than $10. But suppose it costs the same to keep someone in jail as to pay for a student to go to college. Do you let criminals out and educate more people?

Framing and the Flu Suppose a new type of flu is spreading through China and experts predict it will move to Hong Kong soon. If nothing is done, it will kill 600. The government is deciding which of two plans to implement. They come to the following rigorous, scientifically certain evaluations of the plans:

Version 1 • If Plan A is adopted, 200 people will be saved. • If Plan B is adopted, there is a 1-in-3 chance that all 600 will be saved, and a 2-in-3 chance that no one will be saved.

Version 2 • If Plan A is adopted, 400 people will die. • If Plan B is adopted, there is a 1-in-3 chance that no one will die, and a 2-in-3 chance that all 600 will die.

Which outcomes do I prefer? Version 1 and Version 2 describe exactly the same plans. Plan A in Version 1 = Plan A in Version 2. Plan B in Version 1 = Plan B in Version 2. Yet 70% of people go with Plan A in Version 1, while only 41% choose Plan A in Version 2.

For Next Class Go to the course website: http://michaeljohnsonphilosophy.com/logic-and-critical-thinking-2013/schedule-and-readings/ Read the reading for next time.

• More by User

Critical Thinking

Critical Thinking Some notes on the midterm If you think we missed credit, please submit your defense by email to [email protected] by Nov. 1. Please address each question separately according to the grading criteria . We do make mistakes, so don't be afraid to address your concerns.

857 views • 17 slides

CRITICAL THINKING

CRITICAL THINKING. The Discipline The Skill The Art. Assumptions . Purpose -Teach critical thinking process as it applies to completing WIC nutritional counseling Assumes audience knows: Basic nutrition and risk factors

1.15k views • 19 slides

Critical Thinking. Introduction to the Unit Keith Jones. Critical Thinking. Critical Thinking 10 Credit Point M Level Dr Keith Jones Core Unit for all the MSc/MA Pathways. Introduction & Rationale.

1.75k views • 19 slides

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING. Jonathan Dolhenty, Ph.D. Logic and Critical Thinking. Available at http://www.radicalacademy.com/logiccritthinking.htm. TRUTH AND THINKING. Truth is the object of thinking. Some truths are obvious; others are difficult to acquire.

1.08k views • 26 slides

Critical Thinking. Foundations of Science. Let’s think about it. What makes people effective critical thinkers?. Critical Thinking. Critical Thinkers… Are flexible Identify biases & assumptions Maintain an air of skepticism Separate facts from opinions Don’t oversimplify

507 views • 4 slides

Critical Thinking. Richard M. Schwartzstein, MD Executive Director, Carl J. Shapiro Institute for Education and Research Faculty Associate Dean for Medical Education Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School. Critical Thinking. Do you do it?. Critical Thinking. Do you do it?

881 views • 47 slides

Critical Thinking. The Brain. One trillion cells compose the brain. 100 billion of them are neurons. This makes the number of possible journeys through the brain almost infinite. Your Comments…. “The unexamined life is not worth living.”. Socrates. Plato.

868 views • 32 slides

Critical Thinking. Sitting on top of your shoulders is one of the finest computers on the earth. But, like any other muscle in your body, it needs to be exercised to work its best. That exercise is called THINKING. I think, therefore I am. - Rene Descartes. What is critical thinking?.

1.19k views • 17 slides

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING. The Way to the Good Reasoning and Making Good Argument. 時間： 92 年 10 月 18 日 地點：東吳大學外雙溪 主講：米建國 東吳大學哲學系. What Is Critical Thinking?. Think it twice: Don’t take things for granted so easily.

2.96k views • 19 slides

Critical thinking

Student Services . Critical thinking. Orientation 2011 Angela Dierks. www.bbk.ac.uk/mybirkbeck . Student Services . Critical thinking in everyday life. You think critically all the time for example when deciding not to buy a particular product

755 views • 13 slides

Critical Thinking. GEA 101 Fall 2012. introduction. Course Particulars. Instructor: Dr. Michael Johnson Office: Room HSH219, Ho Sin Hang Building Office Hours: Wednesdays 15:00 to 16:00 Email: [email protected] Office Telephone: 2616 7455. Course Website.

685 views • 44 slides

Critical Thinking and our Inclination Toward Faulty Logic

Critical Thinking and our Inclination Toward Faulty Logic. Arendt. Critical Thinking & our inclination toward Faulty Logic. You have the right to question what you see, hear, and read.

670 views • 35 slides

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING. Lecture 11 – Scientific Reasoning I. REVIEW. First, let’s go over homework from last time. REVIEW. Last time we talked about the relationship between correlation and causation.

727 views • 43 slides

Critical Thinking: An Introduction. Logic and Logical Fallacies

Critical Thinking: An Introduction. Logic and Logical Fallacies. Lecture II. Truth Tables and Logical Operators. Face it…some things are either true or false (specifying this formally is called “propositional calculus”) A “proposition” is a meaningful statement

777 views • 23 slides

Critical Thinking. “The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing” - Albert Einstein. Critical Thinking in Your Life. Personal Life What constitutes a healthy diet? Which investment is better for my family? Why? Professional Life

1.3k views • 17 slides

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING by Karey Perkins

LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING by Karey Perkins. RHETORICAL APPEALS: USING LOGOS, ETHOS, PATHOS. LOGOS = LOGIC and REASON= Soundness of facts, evidence, statistics, and reasoning; soundness of authority’s statements outside self; well-documented evidence

913 views • 71 slides

PHIL 002, Section 5 Logic and Critical Thinking

PHIL 002, Section 5 Logic and Critical Thinking. About this course. About this course. There’s so many of us!!!. About this course. There’s so many of us!!! Instructional staff. About this course. There’s so many of us!!! Instructional staff

297 views • 15 slides

PHIL 102-01 Logic and Critical Thinking Fall 2006

PHIL 102-01 Logic and Critical Thinking Fall 2006. About this course. About this course. There’s so many of us!!!. About this course. There’s so many of us!!! Instructional staff. About this course. There’s so many of us!!! Instructional staff

328 views • 20 slides

Dr. Andreas Yumarma. LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING. First Meeting. Sense of Logic. Study of the methods and principles used to distinguish correct from incorrect reasoning (Irving M. Copy & Carl Cohen, 1990)

499 views • 11 slides

Critical thinking about critical thinking

Critical thinking about critical thinking. Paula Owens and John Hopkin. Workshop description Based on two practical activities, this workshop will explore what critical thinking means in the context of geography, apply it to some examples and consider how to apply it in the classroom

980 views • 28 slides

Introductory Logic: Critical Thinking

Introductory Logic: Critical Thinking. DEFINITION. Definitions. A definition is an attempt to explain the meaning of a word by using a different word or phrase that has the same meaning. The word being defined is called the definiendum (Latin for “to be defined”).

481 views • 32 slides