ugc guidelines for phd thesis format

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UGC Approved Thesis and How to Write it.

In India, most organizations work under UGC to approve students post-graduation to represent a good thesis work, the thesis must be clear, definite, and have a logical structure according to a set pattern approved by UGC . For any formal thesis writing, it’s necessary to make it presentable by focusing on its layout and physical appearance.

The very first thing to keep in mind during forming a UGC approved thesis work is to complete it in the provided format only.  Format consistency adoption along with strictly following the additional instructions represents the scholarly work of the student more efficiently.

Guidelines for UGC Approved Thesis

Typewriting of Thesis

• Typewriting of the thesis work should always be on an A4 size sheet having dimensions 21 cm X 29.7 cm.
• The font must be vivid and clear. Use a similar font in the entire thesis and as per in the instruction given by university/college format.
• Proper spacing in paragraphs provides an intended view.
• Keep noticing errors: grammatical, spelling, punctuation, sentence making.
• Keep the focus on the acceptable value of plagiarism as instructed by the university/college.

Chapters and Pages

• Use numerals (1, 2, 3….) at the bottom in the center of the pages to number all the pages.
• Use roman numerals for the preliminary pages in the lower-case to number front pages.
• All the new chapters to begin from a new page.
• Align all the chapter headings in the center.
• The displaying page of chapter title must be placed at the beginning of the chapter.
• Always avoid typing any heading near the page bottom or at the end of a page.

Tables and Figures

• Title and numbering along with the data caption that clearly describes the nature of table and figure.
• Illustrate the caption at the bottom of the table and figure and on the same page.
• The text description must be above and on the same page related to any table, figure, and graph.

Headings and Subheadings

• Keep the headings distinct by a larger font as compared to the whole text.
• Maintain all the headings of the same level by using the same font and style.
• Keep the headings aligned to the left side as the chapter headings remain in the center.
• Numbering to the headings and subheadings must be provided if instructed.

Format of UGC Approved Thesis

Three main parts of the thesis format are:

• Preliminaries

List of Figures

Arrangement of preliminaries.

• Title of Thesis
• Student’s Name
• Year of Thesis
• Institute’s Logo
• Name of the Institute
• Guides name (optional)
• The complete title of the thesis ( in capital letters only)
• Candidate’s name
• Institute’s name
• Year of submission
• Under the declaration, students have to make a declaration of authority.
• Students have to attach the certificate provided by the guide or co-guide who helped them in their research work.
• The approval page must be signed by the Guide/Co-Guide.
• Formally acknowledge all those who helped you technically, intellectually and financially for completing your thesis.
• List all the chapter headings, section headings, sub-headings, and appendices along with their respective page numbers. Immediately after the table of the content page, make a list of figures, tables, and abbreviations on three different pages.

Add the columns under this:

List of Tables

Under this add the columns of:

List of Abbreviations

Add all the used abbreviations used in the thesis which are unfamiliar to a reader and should be arranged in alphabetical order.

The summary of the thesis content is written in it as it has to be submitted before the submission of the thesis report. The synopsis must hold the cover page and the concise content of around 6 to 8 pages. Only list the background and objectives, methods, hypothesis, major findings, and significance.

Within the chapters arrange all the sub-headings in an orderly manner of their relation. Distinguish the headings and subheadings clearly during typing. The following information to be instructed within the text:

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Design of Study
• Summary and Conclusion, Future scope (if any)
• List of References
• List the codes, screenshots, and appendices(if any).
• List of Publications.

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Forms and Templates.

Template for introduction of new courses, template for modification of existing courses, format for doctoral advisory committee (dac) meetings, format for comprehensive exam, form for conduct of pre-thesis open colloquium (ptoc/ dac-iv), thesis submission checklist, form for examiners of ph.d thesis, request form for financial no dues certificate : word format | pdf format, format of declaration for plagiarism free dissertation or thesis, form for dac recommendation on thesis examiner reports and constitution of oral examination board (oeb), format for certification of the compliance to ugc regulation 2009/2016 for ph.d. degree.

• Revised Formats of AcSIR Ph.D. Thesis and documents to be mandatorily included with the Thesis ( effective from August 08, 2020 onwards for all the Ph.D. thesis submitted to AcSIR )
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of management kashipur 21, indian institute of management kozhikode 27, indian institute of management lucknow 104, indian institute of management mumbai (formerly nitie) 72, indian institute of management raipur 47, indian institute of management rohtak 6, indian institute of management shillong 16, indian institute of management udaipur 1, indian institute of science bangalore 1476, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) bhopal 51, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) mohali 356, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) pune 521, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) thiruvananthapuram 211, indian institute of science education and research kolkata 105, indian institute of space science and technology 192, indian institute of teacher education 10, indian institute of technology bhilai 17, indian institute of technology bhubaneswar 76, indian institute of technology bombay 1755, indian institute of 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technical university for women 59, indira gandhi institute of development research 105, indira gandhi national open university ignou 978, indira gandhi national tribal university, amarkantak 175, indira gandhi university meerpur,rewari 51, indira kala sangeet vishwavidyalaya 132, indraprastha institute of information technology, delhi (iiit-delhi) 145, indrashil university 10, indus international university 7, indus university 53, institute of advanced research, gandhinagar 14, institute of advanced studies in education (iase) 191, institute of chemical technnology, mumbai 107, institute of infrastructure technology research and management 37, institute of trans-disciplinary health science & technology 39, integral university 653, international institute for population sciences iips 366, international institute of information technology bangalore 66, international institute of information technology, hyderabad 209, international management institute 9, international management institute, bhubaneshwar 1, international management institute kolkata 2, invertis university, bareily 1, isbm university 1, isbr business school 1, islamic university of science and technology 53, itm university, gwalior 28, jadavpur university 4011, jagadguru ramanadacharya rajasthan sanskrit university 2, jagannath university 224, jagannath university, jhajjar 71, jagran lakecity university 33, jai narain vyas university 643, jain university 768, jain vishwa bharati university 246, jai prakash vishwavidyalaya 3, jaipur national university 356, jamia hamdard university 955, jamia milia islamia university 2568, janardan rai nagar rajasthan vidhyapeeth 1, jawaharlal nehru architecture and fine arts university 9, jawaharlal nehru centre for advanced scientific research 42, jawaharlal nehru krishi vishwavidyalaya, jabalpur 2, jawaharlal nehru technological university, anantapuram 1349, jawaharlal nehru technological university, hyderabad 1495, jawaharlal nehru technological university, kakinada 310, jawaharlal nehru university 8219, jayoti vidyapeeth women s university 388, jaypee institute of information technology 346, jaypee university of engineering & technology, guna 122, jaypee university of information technology, solan 282, j. c. bose university of science and technology, ymca, faridabad 67, jecrc university 89, jharkhand rai university 48, jis university, kolkata 27, jiwaji university 2348, jk lakshmipat university 24, jodhpur national university 2, jss academy of higher education & research 448, jss science and technology university, mysuru 26, j.s. university, shikohabad 26, junagadh agricultural university 1, kadi sarva vishwavidyalaya 620, kakatiya university, warangal 565, kalasalingam university 406, kalinga institute of social sciences (kiss) 11, kalinga university 238, kamdhenu university 8, kameshwara singh darbhanga sanskrit vishwavidyalaya, darbhanga 3, kannada university 101, kannur university 890, karnataka samskrit university 67, karnataka state law university 15, karnataka state open university 17, karnataka state womens university 307, karnataka veterinary, animal and fisheries sciences university 102, karnatak university 5191, karnavati university 18, karpagam university 299, karunya university 656, kavayitri bahinabai chaudhari north maharashtra university 1289, kavikulaguru kalidas sanskrit university 150, kazi nazrul university 28, kerala agricultural university 62, kerala university of health sciences 3, khwaja moinuddin chishti urdu, arabi-farsi university 16, kiit university 1089, king george medical university 21, kle technological university 20, kle university 210, kolhan university 33, koneru lakshmaiah education foundation 966, krantiguru shyamji krishna verma kachchh university 124, krea university 4, krishna institute of medical sciences, deemed to be university karad 77, krishna kanta handiqui state open university 44, krishna university, machilipatnam 69, k.r. mangalam university, gurgaon 105, kumaun university 2012, kurukshetra university 1517, kushabhau thakre patrakarita avam jansanchar vishwavidyalaya 7, kuvempu university 1389, lakshmibai national university of physical education 229, lakulish yoga university 28, lalit narayan mithila university 6847, lingayas vidyapeeth 107, lnct university 147, lovely professional university 924, madan mohan malaviya university of technology 101, madhav university 253, madhyanchal professional university 4, madhya pradesh bhoj (open) university 9, madurai kamaraj university 6006, magadh university 57, mahapurusha srimanta sankaradeva viswavidyalaya 43, maharaja agrasen university 120, maharaja ganga singh university 2295, maharaja krishnakumarsinhji bhavnagar university 1506, maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university 19, maharaja sayajirao university of baroda 4090, maharaja sriram chandra bhanja deo university 19, maharaja vinayak global university 125, maharana pratap university of agriculture and technology 169, maharashtra animal and fishery sciences university 17, maharashtra national law university nagpur 5, maharashtra university of health sciences 221, maharishi markandeshwar university, mullana 523, maharishi markandeshwar university, sadopur (ambala) 27, maharishi university of information technology 68, maharshi dayanand saraswati university 227, maharshi dayanand university 4725, mahatma gandhi antarrashtriya hindi vishwavidyalaya 255, mahatma gandhi chitrakoot gramodaya vishwavidyalaya 161, mahatma gandhi kashi vidyapith 4972, mahatma gandhi univeristy of medical sciences & technnology , jaipur 40, mahatma gandhi university 3983, mahatma gandhi university, nalgonda 24, mahatma jyotiba phule rohilkhand university 1688, makhanlal chaturvedi national university of journalism and communication, bhopal 22, malaviya national institute of technology jaipur 444, malwanchal university, indore 44, management development institute gurgaon 25, manav rachna international institute of research and studies 238, manav rachna university 64, mandsaur university 66, mangalayatan university 148, mangalore university 2053, manipal academy of higher education 1768, manipal university jaipur 345, manipur university 1860, manonmaniam sundaranar university 7613, martin luther christian university 44, marwadi university 18, mats university 134, maulana abul kalam azad university of technology 97, maulana azad national institute of technology bhopal 282, maulana azad national urdu university 424, m.b.m. university 20, medi caps university, indore 26, meenakshi academy of higher education and research 177, mewar university 345, mgm institute of health sciences 139, mica, ahmedabad 26, mit-adt university, pune 56, mizoram university 864, mody university of science and technology 122, mohammad ali jauhar university 6, mohan lal sukhadia university 1070, monad university 38, motherhood university 12, mother teresa womens university 1072, motilal nehru national institute of technology 607, m s ramaiah university of applied sciences 81, mvn university,palwal 71, nagaland university 556, narsee monjee institute of management studies 287, national brain research centre 97, national institute of educational planning and administration (niepa) 34, national institute of fashion technology delhi 30, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management - niftem (k)kundli 25, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management thanjavur (niftem-t) 27, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, ahmedabad 31, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, guwahati 23, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hajipur 11, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hyderabad 41, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research kolkata 14, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, raebareli 6, national institute of technology agartala 182, national institute of technology arunachal pradesh 54, national institute of technology calicut 228, national institute of technology delhi 71, national institute of technology durgapur 160, national institute of technology goa 49, national institute of technology hamirpur 94, national institute of technology jamshedpur 154, national institute of technology karnataka 494, national institute of technology,kurukshetra 158, national institute of technology manipur 75, national institute of technology mizoram 34, national institute of technology nagaland 11, national institute of technology (nit) meghalaya 100, national institute of technology (nit), warangal 555, national institute of technology patna 368, national institute of technology puducherry 59, national institute of technology raipur 230, national institute of technology, rourkela 398, national institute of technology sikkim 29, national institute of technology silchar 69, national institute of technology srinagar 207, national institute of technology tiruchirappalli 234, national institute of technology uttarakhand 35, national law institute university, bhopal 8, national law school of india university 48, national law university and judicial academy, assam 9, national law university, delhi 37, national law university, odisha 16, national museum institute of hisotry of art conservation and musicology 2, national sanskrit university 54, navrachana university 27, nehru gram bharati university 161, netaji subhas open university 1, netaji subhas university of technology 9, niilm university 41, niit university 15, nims university rajasthan 360, nirma university 395, nirwan university jaipur 13, nitte university 94, noida international university 95, noorul islam centre for higher education 351, north-eastern hill university 2765, north eastern regional institute of science and technology (nerist) 103, odisha university of agriculture and technology 160, om sterling global university 135, o.p. jindal university 9, opjs university 21, oriental university 92, osmania university 1710, pacific university 2339, padmashree dr. d.y. patil vidyapeeth, navi mumbai 83, pandit deendayal petroleum university 182, pandit s. n. shukla university, shahdol 14, parul university 202, patna university 354, peoples university, bhopal 36, periyar maniammai university 157, periyar university 3329, pes university 24, p.k. university 28, pondicherry university 2584, poornima university 76, potti sreeramulu telugu university 1, p p savani university 3, pravara institute of medical sciences 47, presidency university 119, presidency university, karnataka 177, prist university 86, pt. ravishankar shukla university 2934, pt. sundarlal sharma open university bilaspur 250, punjab engineering college (deemed to be university) 60, punjabi university 3231, rabindra bharati university 427, rabindranath tagore university, bhopal 332, raffles university 20, raiganj university 189, rai university 293, rajasthan technical university, kota 155, rajiv gandhi institute of petroleum technology 37, rajiv gandhi national institute of youth development 7, rajiv gandhi national university of law punjab 33, rajiv gandhi proudyogiki vishwavidyalaya 681, rajiv gandhi university 676, rajmata vijayaraje scindia krishi vishwa vidyalaya, gwalior 3, rama devi womens university 13, ramakrishna mission vivekananda educational and research institute 222, ramakrishna mission vivekananda university 1, rama university, uttar pradesh 78, ramchandra chandravansi university 14, ranchi university 128, rani channamma university 128, rani durgavati vishwavidyalaya 356, rashtrasant tukadoji maharaj nagpur university 313, rashtriya raksha university 19, ravenshaw university 486, rayat bahra university, mohali 16, regional centre for biotechnology 1, renaissance university 26, reva university 219, rimt university 32, rkdf university 133, rkdf university ranchi 2, rk university 296, rnb global university 5, sabarmati university 7, sage university, indore 93, sai nath university 138, sambalpur university 1814, sam higginbottom institute of agriculture, technology and sciences 560, sampurnanand sanskrit vishwavidhyalaya 3, sanchi university of buddhist-indic studies, bhopal 6, sandip university 46, sangam university 70, sanjay gandhi post graduate institute of medical sciences, lucknow 12, sanjay ghodawat university 2, sankalchand patel university 63, sanskriti university 53, sant baba bhag singh university 38, sant gadge baba amravati university 3037, sant longowal institute of engineering and technology 315, santosh deemed to be university 104, sardarkrushinagar dantiwada agricultural university 3, sardar patel university 3703, sardar vallabhbhai national institute of technology surat 411, sarvepalli radhakrishnan university 145, sastra university 561, satavahana university 12, sathyabama institute of science and technology 422, saurashtra university 3283, saveetha university 841, school of planning and architecture, bhopal 23, school of planning and architecture, new delhi 49, school of planning and architecture vijayawada 10, seacom skills university 142, sgt university 105, sharda university 230, sher-e-kashmir university of agricultural sciences and technology of jammu 154, shivaji university 4998, shiv nadar university 184, shobhit university, gangoh 31, shobhit university, meerut 166, shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences 521, shree somnath sanskrit university 110, shri govind guru university 93, shri guru ram rai university 78, shri jagdishprasad jhabarmal tibarewala university 3676, shri khushal das university 144, shri lal bahadur shastri national sanskrit university 556, shri mata vaishno devi university 237, shri ramswaroop memorial university 156, shri rawatpura sarkar university 1, shri vaishnav vidyapeeth vishwavidyalaya 47, shri venkateshwara university, uttar pradesh 20, shyam university 17, siddharth university 6, sidho kanho birsha university 141, sido kanhu murmu university 21, sikkim manipal university 94, sikkim university 233, siksha "o" anusandhan university 568, singhania university 23, sir padampat singhania university 77, sister nivedita university 1, sndt womens university 1263, solapur university 270, south asian university 2, s. p. jain institute of management and research 5, sree sankaracharya university of sanskrit 723, sri balaji university, pune 4, sri balaji vidyapeeth 57, sri chandrasekharendra saraswathi viswa mahavidyalaya 417, sri devaraj urs academy of higher education and research 44, sri guru granth sahib world university 85, sri guru ram das university of health sciences 9, sri krishnadevaraya university 3434, srinivas university 20, sri padmavathi womens university 257, sri ramachandra institute of higher education and research 381, sri sai university 2, sri sathya sai institute of higher learning 110, sri satya sai university of technology & medical sciences 80, sri siddhartha academy of higher education 89, sri sri university 17, sri venkateswara institute of medical sciences 32, sri venkateswara university 5460, srm institute of science and technology 1652, srm university- ap 30, srm university, delhi-ncr, sonepat 83, sr university 1, starex university 16, st. joseph university, dimapur 19, st. peter’s institute of higher education and research 405, st. xaviers university, kolkata 1, sumandeep vidyapeeth deemed to be university 49, sunrise university 20, suresh gyan vihar university 397, sushant university (earlier ansal university) 59, swami rama himalayan university 22, swami ramanand teerth marathwada university 5664, swami vivekanad subharti university 224, swami vivekananda yoga anusandhana sansthana 145, swami vivekanand university 81, swarnim gujarat sports university 7, symbiosis international university 525, tamil nadu agricultural university 1421, tamil nadu dr. ambedkar law university 71, tamil nadu open university 54, tamilnadu physical education and sports university 262, tamil nadu teachers education university, chennai 203, tamil nadu veterinary and animal sciences university 79, tamil university 169, tantia university 402, tata institute of fundamental research 1032, tata institute of social sciences 600, techno india university 4, teerthanker mahaveer university 104, teri school of advanced studies 140, tezpur university 951, thapar institute of engineering and technology 1237, the assam kaziranga university 24, the assam royal global university 15, the charutar vidya mandal cvm university 8, the english & foreign languages university, hyderabad 823, the gandhigram rural institute 1415, the icfai university, dehradun 48, the iihmr university, jaipur 35, the indian law institute, new delhi 19, the lnm institute of information technology 35, the national academy of legal studies and research (nalsar) university of law 50, the national university of advanced legal studies 4, the neotia university 4, the northcap university 113, the tamil nadu dr. m.g.r. medical university 482, the university of burdwan 3152, the west bengal national university of juridical sciences 43, thiruvalluvar university 289, thunchath ezhuthachan malayalam university 16, tilak maharashtra vidyapeeth 916, tilka manjhi bhagalpur university 273, tripura university 482, tumkur university 299, uka tarsadia university 121, university of agricultural sciences, bangalore 458, university of agricultural sciences, dharwad 286, university of agricultural sciences, raichur 63, university of allahabad 2625, university of calicut 2302, university of delhi 5324, university of engineering and management, kolkata 17, university of gour banga 12, university of hyderabad 2777, university of jammu 1254, university of kalyani 3122, university of kashmir 2017, university of kerala 7488, university of kota 139, university of lucknow 6799, university of mysore 4421, university of north bengal 2072, university of patanjali 38, university of petroleum and energy studies (upes) 404, university of rajasthan 1810, university of science and technology, meghalaya 101, u.p. pt. deen dayal upadhyaya pashu chikitsa vigyan vishwavidhyalaya evam go anusandha sansthan 80, u p rajarshi tondon open university 336, usha martin university 21, utkal university 5708, uttarakhand open university 30, uttarakhand sanskrit university 57, uttarakhand technical university 281, uttaranchal university 79, vardhaman mahaveer open university, kota 23, v. b. s. purvanchal university 9315, veer kunwar singh university, arrah 32, veer narmad south gujarat university 3391, veer surendra sai university of technology 189, vellore institute of technology bhopal 11, vellore institute of technology, vellore 2282, vellore institute of technology (vit-ap) 97, vels university 1035, vel tech rangarajan dr. sagunthala r&d institute of science and technology 261, vidyasagar university 912, vignans foundation for science technology and research 221, vijayanagara sri krishnadevaraya university, bellary 131, vikram university 95, vinayaka missions research foundation 393, vinoba bhave university 277, vishwakarma university 27, visva-bharati 1695, visvesvaraya national institute of technology 317, visvesvaraya technological university, belagavi 1153, vivekananda global university 74, william carey university 3, world university of design 1, xim university 26, yashwantrao chavan maharashtra open university 333, ybn university 49, yenepoya (deemed to be university) 135, yogi vemana university 88, about shodhshuddhi.

Based on the recommendation of Sub-Committee, National Steering Committee (NSC) of e-ShodhSindhu, The Ministry of Education, Govt. of India has initiated a programme "ShodhShuddhi" which provides access to Plagiarism Detection Software (PDS) to all universities/Institutions in India since Sept 1, 2019 [Read More...]

Under this initiative, URKUND a Web Based Plagiarism Detection Software system is being provided to all users of universities/Intuitions in the country. This initiative is formally launched by Honorable Minister of HRD (now renamed as Minister of Education) on September 21, 2019

The INFLIBNET Centre receives numerous queries from Colleges regarding membership to Shodhganga and e-ShodhSindhu. Following clarifications are being provided in this regard: Read More.

Full Text Theses

Synopses/mrps/pdfs/fellowships, universities contributing, universities+cftis/inis signed mou, prof devika p madalli, sh. manoj kumar k, general / technical query, antiplagiarism query.

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access. The repository has the ability to capture, index, store, disseminate and preserve ETDs submitted by the researchers. [Read l]

• University Orders
• PhD Entrance

Research guidance, Research Journals, Top Universities

UGC guidelines for plagiarism | Levels of plagiarism as per UGC regulation 2018

This blog post aims to provide details regarding UGC guidelines for plagiarism .

Page Contents

UGC REGULATIONS, 2018 for PROMOTION OF ACADEMIC INTEGRITY AND PREVENTION OF PLAGIARISM IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

The following rules related to Plagiarism shall apply to the students, faculty, researchers and staff of all Higher Educational Institutions in the country.

• To create awareness about responsible conduct of research, thesis, dissertation, promotion of academic integrity and prevention of misconduct including plagiarism in academic writing among student, faculty, researcher and staff.
• To establish institutional mechanism through education and training to facilitate responsible conduct of research, thesis, dissertation, promotion of academic integrity and deterrence from plagiarism.
• To develop systems to detect plagiarism and to set up mechanisms to prevent plagiarism and punish a student, faculty, researcher or staff of HEI committing the act of plagiarism.

Similarity checks for exclusion from Plagiarism

The similarity checks for plagiarism shall exclude the following:

• All quoted work reproduced with all necessary permission and/or attribution.
• All references, bibliography, table of content, preface and acknowledgements.
• All generic terms, laws, standard symbols and standards equations.

The research work carried out by the student, faculty, researcher and staff shall be based on original ideas, which shall  include abstract, summary, hypothesis, observations, results, conclusions and recommendations only and shall not have  any similarities. It shall exclude a common knowledge or coincidental terms, up to fourteen (14) consecutive words.

  Levels of Plagiarism

Plagiarism would be quantified into following levels in ascending order of severity for the purpose of its definition:

Level 0: Similarities up to 10% – Minor similarities, no penalty

Level 1: Similarities above 10% to 40%

Level 2: Similarities above 40% to 60%

Level 3: Similarities above 60%

  Penalties in case of plagiarism in submission of thesis and dissertations

Institutional Academic Integrity Panel (IAIP) shall impose penalty considering the severity of the Plagiarism.

i. Level 0: Similarities up to 10% – Minor Similarities, no penalty.

ii. Level 1: Similarities above 10% to 40% – Such student shall be asked to submit a revised script within a stipulated time period not exceeding 6 months.

iii. Level 2: Similarities above 40% to 60% – Such student shall be debarred from submitting a revised script for a period of one year.

iv. Level 3: Similarities above 60% -Such student registration for that programme shall be cancelled.

Penalties in case of plagiarism in academic and research publications

I. Level 0: Similarities up to 10% – Minor similarities, no penalty.

II. Level 1: Similarities above 10% to 40%

i) Shall be asked to withdraw manuscript.

III. Level 2: Similarities above 40% to 60%

ii) Shall be denied a right to one annual increment.

iii) Shall not be allowed to be a supervisor to any new Master’s, M.Phil., Ph.D. Student/scholar for a period of two years.

IV. Level 3: Similarities above 60%

ii) Shall be denied a right to two successive annual increments.

iii) Shall not be allowed to be a supervisor to any new Master’s, M.Phil., Ph.D. Student/scholar for a period of three years.

Detection and Handling of Plagiarism | Charges of Plagiarism

If any member of the academic community suspects with appropriate proof that a case of plagiarism has happened in any document, he or she shall report it to the Departmental Academic Integrity Panel (DAIP). Upon receipt of such a complaint or allegation the DAIP shall investigate the matter and submit its recommendations to the Institutional Academic Integrity Panel (IAIP) of the HEI.

The authorities of HEI can also take suomotu notice of an act of plagiarism and initiate proceedings under these regulations. Similarly, proceedings can also be initiated by the HEI on the basis of findings of an examiner. All such cases will be investigated by the IAIP.

UGC guidelines for phd thesis format

How to  start a Ph.D. research  program in India?

UGC assistant professor eligibility/ selection criteria

Free and Paid plagiarism checkers for research papers/ thesis

Sources: UGC

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Guidelines for the General Format of a Ph.D. Thesis

The production of a thesis should follow the following guidelines. For further details, or in case of uncertainty, please refer to the administrative assistant who organizes the defence. Researchers should send the thesis as  one PDF file .

General format and layout

Page format Use the standard A4 format and set the same margins all around (e.g. 2.5 cm, top/bottom, right/left). Remember that the thesis will be printed and boud and that margins should thus be large enough

Text size and line spacing The text should be in 11 or 12 point character and 1.5 spaced lines. Footnotes should be in 10 point character and single spaced lines. Text and footnotes should be justified

Font Choose a commonly used font that provides a full character set, for example Arial or Times (especially when using languages other than English)

Tables & pictures Insert tables, graphs and other images directly where they belong in the text. Should it be necessary to introduce coloured pictures, contact the organizing admin. assistant. Tables should always be on one page: never divide a table between different pages. Do not use colours in tables or graphs: use instead bold, punctuated or dashed lines for graphical images 

Pagination :   The text should be paginated throughout (including notes, bibliographies, annexes). The final thesis will be printed double-sided so you must ensure that blank pages are inserted where necessary in order that new chapters, sections, bibliography etc. fall on the right hand side, on an odd-numbered page (i.e. if the last page of a chapter is 171, insert page 172 as a blank page before starting the new chapter with 173). The page numbering for the title, table of contents and acknowledgements is ususally in Roman numbers. The page numbering in Arabic letters should start with page 1 on the first page of the text. If you have an automatized Table of Contents, check carefully that it is correct, otherwise you may have to insert additional blank pages

Cover-pages The title-pages should be produced according to the rules of the Institute using a specific template:  download the template cover-page for PhD theses in English , or ask the administrative assistant if the thesis is in a language other than English. It is important to respect the font type and paragraph formatting of these cover-pages. Remember that theses should be sent in as one pdf file: it is advisable to format the thesis and the title-pages independently, then transform them into pdf and merge them into a single file

Language correction Theses that have been submitted for language correction should specify this in the 'Researcher declaration to accompany the submission of written work' that is part of the cover-page template 

Thesis abstract Insert the thesis summary (up to 300 words) after the 'Researcher declaration to accompany the submission of written work' and before the Table of Contents

Table of contents Use capital letters, highlighting or indenting to differentiate between main and sub-chapters. Page numbering should be always in the same size.

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements follow the Table of contents. Before writing the acknowledgements you may want to read this blogpost by Prof. Nouwen  

Style-sheets It is advisable to prepare the general style-sheets and formatting of the thesis in a sample chapter and then write/insert the text into the pre-defined files. This is more consistent and makes it easier to handle the work, rather than having to format each chapter.

Note: The final title of the thesis has to be agreed upon together with the Supervisor

While proofreading the thesis, it may be useful to double-check our  Brief Guide for Academic English

Page last updated on 27 July 2023

Thesis Format Important Guidelines – Framework of Thesis Report

 Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing

(based on unit-ii research aptitude  new syllabus of ugc net exam).

UGC NET Study materiel on Research Topics for NET Exam has been covered entirely based on topics  provided in syllabus.

In the 7 Parts series which can be referred using below , the first six parts contains important short study notes useful for your paper 1 preparation while the 7th part contains solved question papers of last almost 12 years MCQ Question which are asked in previous examination. 

Please go through them in sequential fashion to understand them in better ways.  

Unit-II Research Aptitude

• Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post- positivistic approach to research.
• Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
• Steps of Research.
• Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing. [This Article]
• Application of ICT in research.[Newly added in 2019 Syllabus]
• Research ethics.
• Solved Question Paper Based on previously asked [Last 12 Year]

Introduction on Thesis format

When it is the matter of presenting your PhD thesis in the best possible form, you may not want to compromise. Your thesis is probably the most significant document created during your academic career. If its format is disturbed, it may severely affect the readability and spoil the very first impression on your readers. It may also affect the way your thesis is judged by the review committee.

This is a step-by-step guide intended for all those who are in any way involved in preparing research proposals, research reports, theses or dissertations, which are crucial components of master’s, doctoral and post doctoral programs, and which contribute substantially to the research accomplishments .

Thesis Format Guidelines

(ugc approved: april 28, 2006).

These guidelines are designed to provide the formatting requirements for all theses and project reports submitted to Indian University. It contains the basic structure, layout, form, and style are required for the purpose, however, Candidates/ Departments may use additional requirements, if needed, provide that does not conflict with the guidelines contained in this document.

• Steps Involved In Research Process | Research Aptitude Notes 2020
• Research Ethics Challenges & Road Ahead | Updated 2021

Research Methodology

• Application of ICT in research,Different Tools & Role of ICT
• Key Study Notes on Research Aptitude NTA UG NET Exam

Thesis and Project Report Arrangement

Assemble the thesis/project report in this order:

• Cover page: includes the title, author, degree (“Thesis/Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Ph.D. of … in …”), and date.
• Cover page color: Pink
• Thesis/Project Approval Form.
• Plagiarism policy compliance statement.
• Copyright page that grants MU the right to use and reproduce fully or partially the work being presented.
• Dedication page (optional).
• Acknowledgments page (optional).
• Abstract: a concise summary of the essential information of the work being presented, namely of the study’s scope, purpose and results. The reference-free single spaced abstract should not exceed two pages.
• Table of Contents: includes all the subsections of each chapter and the list of appendices (if applicable) and page numbers.
• List of Figures: includes figure number, caption, and the page number.
• List of Tables: includes table number, caption, and the page number.
• Abbreviations page: lists all the abbreviations used in the text alongside their fully written unabbreviated form.
• Thesis/Project text; the layout is described in the next section.

The following presents a framework for a thesis. The information is offered as a general guideline. Students should always consult their advisor for additional guidelines.

In particular, the layout of project reports can be different depending on the type and scope of the project. Note that each chapter should start on a new page.

• Introduction: background; statement of the problem; definition of terms; purpose of the study; theoretical basis; contributions of the study; organization of the remainder of the study.
• Literature Review: chronological, categorical or related theoretical view points related to topic.
• Proposed Solution/Methodology: research design or approach (quantitative, qualitative or algorithmic); population and / or sample; collection and tabulation of data; and data analysis procedures.
• Solution Validation, Analysis of the Data, Results, and Discussion: presentation and discussion of the findings, including limitations.
• Conclusions, Recommendations: summarizes the entire research effort; addresses the initial purpose of the study (stated in the introduction); stresses the importance of the work accomplished; leaves a final impression on the reader. It can also include suggestions for further work.
• Bibliography/References: references should acknowledge any work done by someone other than the author. The reference should also include work performed by the author if presented or published at an earlier date. References should adopt one of the standard international styles; the American Psychological Association style for references and citation is recommended. For more information, contact the library.
• Appendices: material too detailed or lengthy for inclusion in the body of the study (e.g. questionnaires, maps). Appendices may also contain information that might clarify the thesis but is routine in nature or indirectly related to the thesis. Raw data and examples of calculation could be incorporated.

Style and Form

• Paper : Use high-quality acid-free A4-size paper, with only one side of the paper.
• Printing : A high-quality laser printer should be used for the final copy.
• Headings : In disciplines where section numbering is normally used, the following guidelines apply: Chapter title: 18 – 24 pt size, bold. Main Section Headings: can be numbered as chapter-number. Section-number (e.g., 3.2 for chapter 3, section 2) in 14 pt size, bold. Second Headings: can be numbered as x.y.z (e.g., 3.2.4 for chapter 3, section 2, and subsection 4) in 12 pt size, bold. First Subheadings: can be numbered as w.x.y.z (e.g., 3.2.4.1 for chapter 3, section 2, subsection 4, and sub-subsection 1) in 12 pt size, regular. Second Subheadings: preferably unnumbered, 12 pt, italics.
• Text Font: Acceptable fonts generated by word processing programs include, but are not restricted to: Times Roman 12, Helvetica 12, and Letter Gothic 12. The font provided through LaTex is acceptable. Bold and italics should not be used excessively in the text. Furthermore, colored text should not be used.
• Spacing : Double or one and a half spacing is required for the text. Only footnotes, long quotations, bibliography entries (double space between entries), table captions, and similar special material may be single spaced.
• Margins : Left, 4 cm; top, bottom, and right, 2.5 cm. These are necessary to allow for binding and trimming.
• Page Numbering : Preliminary pages of the thesis, that is, those preceding the text are to be numbered in Roman numerals. The first page must not show its page number. Pages of the text itself and of all items following the text should be numbered consecutively throughout in Arabic numbers, beginning with number 1 on the first page of the first chapter. Page numbers should be placed in the lower right corner or center of the page. Only the number should appear, not page 9.
• Tables and Figures : Figures and tables should be inserted at the appropriate place in the text. Figures must have numbers and captions under the figures. Tables have their titles and numbers above.
• Drawings : Any material which cannot be typed or computer generated should be drawn with permanent black ink in neat and heavy lines. Photographs of drawings are acceptable. Xerox reproductions of drawings are acceptable if they are of high contrast.
• Photographs : Mount small photographs with glue. Do not use rubber cement or tape. High-clarity Xerox copies of photographs are also acceptable. However, highquality scanned e-images can also be inserted into the thesis text.
• Footnotes : In disciplines where footnotes are normally used, they should appear at the bottom of the same page as their reference. Footnotes should be numbered in Arabic numerals. The footnote reference is superscripted and the explanation at the bottom of the page begins with the footnote reference number. Footnotes should have a smaller font size than the text (e.g. 10 pt).
• CDs and DVDs: identify with title, name of student, and date.
• Computer Software: Describe in separate section in prefatory pages (e.g., list of figures and tables). If applicable, state requirements for the use of the software (e.g., hardware, screen resolution type) and any other information necessary for proper viewing of the software.
• Oversized Material : Oversize foldout pages may be included, though ample margins for binding must be included. Leave oversize page unfolded. The bindery will fold and insert them. All pages must appropriately numbered if found in the text.
• Binding : Binding will be arranged by the library, for a fee, in order to ensure consistency. At least two copies of the thesis should be submitted to the library of the campus concerned.

The various frameworks can be used depending on the content of the report, but generally, the same rules apply. Introduction, method, results and discussion with references or bibliography at the end and an abstract at the beginning could form the framework.

But the most used and followed report structure is are as follow:

TITLE PAGE:- Title of project, Subtitle (where appropriate), Date, Author, Organization, Logo

BACKGROUND: – History(if any) behind the project

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:- Author thanks people and organization who helped during the project

SUMMARY(sometimes called abstract of the synopsis):- A condensed version of a report – outlines salient points, emphasizes main conclusions and (where appropriate) the main recommendations. N.B this is often difficult to write and it is suggested that you write it last.

LIST OF CONTENTS:- An at- a – glance list that tells the reader what is in the report and what page number(s) to find it on.

LIST OF TABLES:- As above, specifically for tables.

LIST OF APPENDICES:- As above, specifically for appendices.

INTRODUCTION:- Author sets the scene and states his/ her intentions.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES AIMS:- – general aims of the audit/ project, broad statement of intent.

OBJECTIVES:- specific things expected to do/deliver(e.g. expected outcomes)

METHOD:- Work steps; what was done – how, by whom, when?

RESULT/FINDINGS:- Honest presentation of the findings, whether these were as expected or not. Give the facts, including any inconsistencies or difficulties encountered

DISCUSSION:- Explanation of the results.( you might like to keep the SWOT analysis in mind and think about your project’s strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats, as you write)

CONCLUSIONS:- The author links the results/ findings with the points made in the introduction and strives to reach clear, simply stated and unbiased conclusions. Make sure they are fully supported by evidence and arguments of the main body of your audit/project.

RECOMMENDATIONS:- The author states what specific actions should be taken, by whom and why. They must always be linked to the future and should always be realistic. Don’t make them unless asked to.

REFERENCES:- A section of a report, which provides full details of publications mentioned in the text, or from which extracts have been quoted.

APPENDIX:- The purpose of an appendix is to supplement the information contained in the main body of the report.

Few Other Important Terms & Terminology

Overview of the framework of report.

There are at least 3 distinct report writing styles that can be applied by students of Business Studies. They are called:

• Conservative

Conservative Style

Essentially, the conservative approach takes the best structural elements from essay writing andintegrates these with appropriate report writing tools. Thus, headings are used to deliberate upon different sections of the answer. In addition, the space is well utilized by ensuring that each paragraph is distinct (perhaps separated from other paragraphs by leaving two blank lines in between).

 Key Point Style

This style utilizes all of the report writing tools and is thus more overtly ‘report-looking’. Use of headings, underlining, margins, diagrams and tables are common. Occasionally reporting might even use indentation and dot points. The important thing to remember is that the tools should be applied in a way that adds to the report. The question must be addressed and the tools applied should assist in doing that. An advantage of this style is the enormous amount of information that can be delivered relatively quickly.

Holistic Style

The most complex and unusual of the styles, holistic report writing aims to answer the question from a thematic and integrative perspective. This style of report writing requires the researcher to have a strong understanding of the course and is able to see which outcomes are being targeted by the question.

APA Citation Style

APA stands for  American Psychological Association , the scientific organisation that assembles the publishing manual of the APA format. The style was developed in 1929 by a group of scientists to standardize scientific writing.It was created in the hopes that it would provide a coherent and professional manner of citing sources

Citing a book in print

APA format structure:

Author, A. (Year of Publication).  Title of work . Publisher City, State: Publisher.

APA format example:

Finney, J. (1970).  Time and again . New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.

Notes:  When citing a book in APA, keep in mind:

• Capitalize the first letter of the first word of the title and any subtitles, as well as the first letter of any proper nouns.
• The full title of the book, including any subtitles, should be stated and italicized.

Citing a general website article with an author

Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Article title. Retrieved from URL

Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/

Citing a general website article without an author

Article title. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Retrieved from URL

Teen posed as doctor at West Palm Beach hospital: police. (2015, January 16). Retrieved from http://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/Teen-Posed-as-Doctor-at-West-Palm-Beach-Hospital-Police-288810831.html

Shodhganga & ShodhGangotri

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access.

The UGC Notification (Minimum Standards & Procedure for Award of M.Phil. / Ph.D Degree, Regulation, 2016) dated 5th May 2016 mandates submission of electronic version of theses and dissertations by the researchers in universities with an aim to facilitate open access to Indian theses and dissertations to the academic community world-wide.

Online availability of electronic theses through centrally-maintained digital repositories, not only ensure easy access and archiving of Indian doctoral theses but will also help in raising the standard and quality of research.

This would overcome serious problem of duplication of research and poor quality resulting from the “poor visibility” and the “unseen” factor in research output. As per the Regulation, the responsibility of hosting, maintaining and making the digital repository of Indian Electronic Theses and Dissertation (called “Shodhganga”), accessible to all institutions and universities, is assigned to the INFLIBNET Centre.

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET is set-up using an open source digital repository software called DSpace developed by MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in partnership between Hewlett- Packard (HP). 

The word “Shodh” originates from Sanskrit and stands for “research and discovery”. “Gangotri” is one of the largest glacier in the Himalayas and source of origination of Ganges, the holiest, longest and largest of rivers in India. The Ganges is the symbol of age-long culture, civilization, ever-aging, ever-flowing, ever-loving and loved by its people.

Under the initiative called “ShodhGangotri”, research scholars / research supervisors in universities are requested to deposit electronic version of approved synopsis submitted by research scholars to the universities for registering themselves for the Ph.D programme. The repository on one hand, would reveal the trends and directions of research being conducted in Indian universities, on the other hand it would avoid duplication of research.

Synopsis in “ShodhGangotri” would later be mapped to full-text theses in “ShodhGanga”. As such, once the full-text thesis is submitted for a synopsis, a link to the full-text theses would be provided from ShodhGangotri to “ShodhGanga”

References – 

• http://www.iitk.ac.in/doaaold/thesisguide.pdf 
• IISC Bangalore Template
• IIT PATNA Thesis Format

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