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Resume vs Cover Letter: How They're Different

8 min read · Updated on January 25, 2024

Knowing how a resume and cover letter work together can increase your chances of standing out

A resume and cover letter are essential job marketing tools that allow you to grab the attention of prospective employers and make a solid first impression. Where a resume provides an objective and concise overview of your work history, knowledge, skills, and overall qualifications, a cover letter formally introduces you to the employer and summarizes your work experiences related to your resume. It also discusses why you're interested in the position and why you're a suitable candidate. 

These two complementary documents are similar in a few ways and very different in others. In this post, we'll cover the following to provide clarity around cover letters vs resumes:

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities?

Cover letter vs resume: what are the differences?

What can a cover letter convey that a resume can't?

What's the difference between a cover letter, a resume, and an application letter? 

Cover letter vs resume: what are the similarities? 

As noted, a cover letter and resume are both career marketing tools, provided to prospective employers, that give the opportunity to make a strong first impression. Here are a few additional similarities between the two:

Both are meant to sell your skills and experience to entice employers to bring you in for an interview

The heading and contact information provided in a cover letter should match what's provided in a resume

When both a cover letter and resume are submitted as part of a job application, they're submitted together

Each document should use a similar style in terms of colors, font type , and font size to provide a cohesive package

Both documents should be tailored to each job you apply to

Both your cover letter and resume should include keywords from the job description.

These few points are where the similarities between a cover letter and a resume end. 

When considering a cover letter vs resume, there are five significant differences between them. They are

Layout and structure

Tonality , tense and orientation.

A resume is a requirement and necessity for virtually all job applications. A cover letter, on the other hand, is highly recommended but isn't necessarily required unless the job application specifically requests the inclusion of a cover letter. It's also possible to come across some job postings that specifically ask you not to include a cover letter. If you come across such an instance, even if you're tempted, don't include it unless you want to risk immediately going into the “no” pile. 

Unless specifically asked not to, in most instances it's in your best interest to include a cover letter with your resume. It shows you care about the position and can help to make your application stand out from the competition. 

The purpose of a resume is to provide the employer with a concise overview of your relevant work history, skills, and other qualifications. It focuses on your past and how it applies to your potential to succeed in a new job. 

Your cover letter should focus only on the job you're applying to - it serves as an introduction to you and your resume. With your cover letter, you have the opportunity to showcase a bit of your personality, further summarize your resume, and emphasize why you're interested in, and the right fit for, the job. 

In a nutshell, a resume shows the employer how your experience fits the role and a cover letter tells them why it does. 

Another main difference between a cover letter vs resume is the layout and structure of each. A resume typically uses bullet points without paragraphs or large chunks of text. There are also standard resume formats to choose from. A cover letter is written in paragraph form, with a layout similar to any professional business letter you might write.

Resume layout and structure

A resume uses one of three resume formats - reverse chronological, functional, or hybrid - with specific sections that are required within each format. The most commonly used is the chronological format, which includes the following sections:

Contact Information

Resume Headline

Resume Summary

Core Competencies

Work Experience 

Additional optional sections sometimes included on a resume are IT Skills, Volunteer Experience, Special Projects, Certifications, Training, Awards, Publications, and Hobbies & Interests. 

For more tips on how to write an effective resume with several resume examples to review, refer to “ How to Make a Resume: Beginner's Writing Guide with Examples .”

Cover letter layout and structure

A cover letter ranges from 300 to 500 words and should be written using the same format as any professional business letter. The key sections of a cover letter include:

The header with the date, the employer's address, and your contact information

A salutation directed to a specific individual when possible

An introduction paragraph where you introduce yourself, share why you're interested, and emphasize why you're an ideal candidate

The body paragraphs - the most crucial section of your cover letter - where you summarize your qualifications and how they make you an ideal candidate to meet the job requirements and demands, in one to two paragraphs

A conclusion paragraph , where you'll conclude with appreciation and a call to action

The closing , with a professional closing salutation and your name

For more detailed information on how to write a cover letter with a cover letter example, refer to “ How to Write a Cover Letter (With Example) .” 

Your cover letter, unlike your resume, addresses the employer directly and with a tone that's more personable than a resume. The exact tone you go with for your cover letter should reflect the industry and organization to which you're applying, though it's still good to showcase some personality. When doing so, ensure you still keep it professional and don't be too personal to the point that it distracts from the letter's overall goal and ability to leave a positive impression. 

The tone of a resume is straightforward and objective. It offers the reader specific details about your past work history, key qualifications, and skills. 

A resume is mostly past-oriented, meaning that it focuses largely on your past work history and experiences. Much of a resume is written in the past tense, as well. 

A cover letter is written primarily in the present tense. The focus of a cover letter is more on the present and future, including mentioning current and future objectives. 

What can a cover letter explain that a resume cannot?

As noted, where a resume shows how you're a good fit for the job, a cover letter can discuss why you're a good fit. Also, a cover letter can explain details about your resume that you might not have had space for on the resume. For example, if you listed a work experience bullet point with a great accomplishment, yet you weren't able to highlight the challenges you overcame for that significant achievement, that might be something to include in the cover letter if it adds value and is relevant. 

Cover letter vs resume vs application letter

In addition to a cover letter and resume being part of your arsenal of career marketing tools, you might also be wondering where an application letter fits in - especially since some confuse an application letter with a cover letter. 

What is the difference between a resume and an application letter?

As mentioned, a resume is a document required for job applications and provides a succinct overview of your work history and credentials. An application letter provides a detailed overview of your work history and credentials in a letter format and is typically not used in conjunction with a resume.

What is the difference between a cover letter and an application letter?

Though a cover letter and application letter share similar features, they're different in content and purpose. A cover letter complements a resume and provides an introduction to yourself and an overview as to why your qualifications make you a good fit for the job. It's sent with the resume as part of the application process. 

An application letter is more detailed and dives deeper into an applicant's work history and qualifications. It's common to send an application letter to an employer of interest, even if they don't have any job openings at the time. In other words, it's sent outside of the application process and often expresses interest in working for the organization. 

The structure is similar to a cover letter, because they're both professional business letters. However, since the intent of a cover letter and application letter differs, the content focus is different between the two. 

Cover letter vs resume: yes, you need both (with rare exceptions)

Now you know the similarities and differences between a cover letter vs resume and the purpose of each. You also know that, in most instances, it's best to submit a cover letter with your resume when applying for jobs. Including both helps you to set yourself apart from others in a tough job market and make a positive first impression on hiring teams! 

Wondering if your resume and cover letter complement each other the way they should? Our team of TopResume experts can help you to ensure that both showcase the correct elements to help you land the interviews you desire. You can even submit your resume for a free review   to get started!

Recommended reading: 

How to List Certifications on a Resume (with Examples)

How to Start a Cover Letter that Grabs Attention

How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Resume (with Examples)

Related Articles:

Do Hiring Managers Actually Read Cover Letters?

How to Create a Resume With No Education

Why You Lose When You Lie on Your Resume: Learning From Mina Chang

See how your resume stacks up.

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Cover Letter Vs. Resume: Which Should You Use?

In This Guide:

Cover letter vs resume: what's the difference?

Three major differences between a cover letter and a resume

Resumes and cover letters go hand in hand, 3 expert tips on writing a cover letter vs. a resume, example resume and cover letter.

Applying for a job can be scary; trust us – we know.

But that doesn’t mean it needs to be confusing, too.

However, there’s this one uneasy thought that puzzles job-seekers, especially first-timers.

“Resumes? Cover letters? Aren’t they the same thing? How am I supposed to know what goes where?”

We get that a lot.

So, to help you cut down on confusion and get your job application right, we’re going to talk about cover letters vs resumes and settle on the difference once and for all.

In this guide, you’ll find out:

• What the difference between a resume and a cover letter is;
• What should be included in each document;
• How to make sure your cover letter makes it to the top of the pile.

Let’s dive right in!

Cover letter vs resume: what's the difference?

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So, how are a resume and a cover letter different?

While the purpose of both is to prove to the hiring manager that you have what it takes to get the job, they do so in two very different ways.

Basically, you can consider your resume to be a summary of your work and education experience, while your cover letter focuses on how this experience relates to this specific job.

Have you heard that saying in the beauty community that says your eyebrows should be sisters, not twins?

You can apply that same logic to your cover letter and resume.

These two documents should complement each other, not copy each other exactly.

One big difference we can name right off the bat is that pretty much every employer requires a resume for a job application, but not a cover letter.

However, including one always boosts your chances of success (unless the posting specifies that you shouldn’t send one, of course).

Now then, to really understand what the difference between a cover letter and a resume is, we will take a quick look at what each of them is at its core.

What is a resume? What does a resume include?

In short, a resume summarizes your work experience and educational background.

It’s a detailed account of the jobs you’ve had, the schools you’ve attended and the degrees you got, any awards and certifications you might have, your skills, etc.

Most commonly, a resume is formatted as a list with bullet points. This makes the document easily scannable and eliminates fluff, which is perfect for a busy hiring manager.

Usually, you should write your resume in the third-person and be as clear and concise as possible, using few words and not going into too much unnecessary detail.

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So, here’s a list of what your resume should include:

• Contact information
• Summary, or objective
• Work experience
• Dates of employment
• Additional information, such as certificates, spoken languages, etc.

But what about cover letters?

What is a cover letter? What does a cover letter include?

A cover letter adds relevant context to your resume.

It highlights what your qualifications are and how they relate to the particular job you’re applying for.

Basically, what a cover letter does is give the employer all the reasons why you are the best candidate for the position.

It shows off your skills and gives examples from your experiences to back them up.

You write a cover letter in a letter format, unsurprisingly. It consists of a greeting, three or four body paragraphs, and a closing. And, as opposed to the resume, you should use the first-person.

When writing your cover letter, keep in mind that employers are likely to refer to your resume to make the connection between the person and the job applicant.

So, seeing how they’re probably going to be reading them at the same time, don’t make your cover letter a carbon copy of your resume.

Rather, it should expand on the points you’ve made in your resume, giving real-life examples that showcase your skills and letting the employer know just how perfect you are for the job.

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But what should you include in your cover letter ?

• Professional heading
• Address section
• Formal salutation
• Show-stopping introduction
• Your reasons for applying for this particular company and position
• Your skills as they relate to the job
• Closing words on your excitement to join the company
• A call to action

Oh, and don’t forget to read the job offer carefully and include some keywords in your letter!

So, now you know what a cover letter and a resume are, and what they should include.

Let’s move on and cover the main differences between the two.

Knowing what each of these documents does is not always enough.

You need to understand how they differ.

So, in this section, we’ll go over three of the most important distinctions between a cover letter and a resume.

Resumes and cover letters differ in importance

We’ll make a wild guess here and say that you probably haven’t come across a position in your job search that didn’t require a resume.

Now, how many postings have you read that didn’t need a cover letter?

Enough to notice, we’re sure.

That’s because resumes and cover letters aren’t equally important.

The internet is rife with information about which one is more important with various arguments supporting both sides.

However, we think that, unless the job posting specifies that a cover letter is not to be submitted, you should absolutely include one in your application.

You can’t skip out on the resume, though.

Cover letters and resumes use different structures

As you may have already noticed, one of the main differences in the “cover letter vs resume” battle is the structure.

A resume is usually one or two pages long and contains specific sections, bullet points, and other graphs used to represent a candidate’s professional skills.

A cover letter, on the other hand, has 3-4 structured paragraphs, an introduction, and a closing paragraph, and is usually no more than 300-500 words.

The goal of a cover letter vs a resume is different

Another crucial difference between the two documents is their purpose.

A resume’s goal is to provide the hiring manager with lots of varying information, but in a brief format – just a page or two.

They’ll use your resume to quickly decide if you’re qualified for a particular job (at least on paper – the proof comes with your cover letter).

The purpose of a cover letter is to let you tell a story about yourself as a person, not just an employee.

It helps you expand on the points you made in your resume and give some much-needed context to the employer.

So, there you have it – these documents are different in many ways, however…

We already mentioned this above, but cover letters and resumes complement each other well, so they should be used accordingly.

While a resume is quickly scannable, a hiring manager might struggle to make sense of all the data you’re throwing at them, especially if your resume is on the longer side.

That’s why a cover letter is a good addition to a resume, as it helps translate that information into paragraphs, making it easier to read and take in.

But that’s not all – a cover letter and a resume, as different as they are, should stick to the same design .

There’s not a single recruiter out there that wants to spend their valuable time trying to match a resume to a cover letter like it’s a puzzle.

Cover letters are also a great way to make sure your resume doesn’t end up in the trash.

Lots of employers read the cover letter first to help them decide if the resume is worth reading at all.

So, boost your chances and type up that cover letter.

Are you struggling to separate your cover letter from your resume, wondering how to make them complementing, yet different, or you just want some tips on how to write a stellar cover letter?

Well, then read on!

We’ve got three pieces of advice for you, coming straight from the professionals.

Don't make your cover letter repetitive

We already said this before, but we’ll say it again – do not make your cover letter an exact copy of your resume!

Nobody wants to read the same thing twice.

You wouldn’t, so why should your employer?

Don’t be afraid to let loose a little bit and use a more conversational tone than you would on your resume.

Your cover letter should show the hiring manager your qualifications, but also your personality and your passion.

Don’t go into too much job or education detail. Mention them briefly and talk about how they shaped you into the perfect candidate and what you learned from the experience.

Keep it short and sweet

You wouldn’t want the recruiter to fall asleep halfway through your cover letter, would you?

So, keep it short, clear, and straight to the point. Leave all the unnecessary details out, talk about relevant experiences only, and most importantly, make it captivating.

As for the specific length, aim for three or four paragraphs and try not to fill more than 3/4 of a page.

Use a subjective tone

A cover letter allows you to talk about things you wouldn’t mention on a resume.

No resume contains a section about how you found the position, how passionate you are about it, or how each skill you’ve mentioned relates to the job.

Yet, these are all important aspects to a hiring manager.

So, you can afford to use more subjective information when writing a cover letter.

Let them know why you are certain you’d make a good fit. After all, you’re the one that knows what you can bring to the table, right?

And there you go – you’re now ready to craft that perfect resume and throw on a stellar cover letter for good measure.

If you’d like a little extra help, take a look at these great resume and cover letter examples .

Hopefully, they’ll help you get on the right track!

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And, if you’re looking for an even easier way out, take our resume builder for a spin and save yourself the headache.

Yes, a resume and a cover letter are two separate worlds. But they really are two sides of the same coin.

To summarize, here are the most important differences in the battle of cover letter vs resume:

• A resume is always required for a job application, while a cover letter can be optional.
• Resumes are formatted as a one or two-page document with bullets and sections, while a cover letter uses a letter format and has the standard introduction, 3-4 body paragraphs, and a closing.
• Cover letters are often what helps resumes get read.
• A resume and a cover letter should complement each other, while still being different.
• A resume is written in the third-person and is more objective; a cover letter uses a subjective tone and is written in the first-person.
• Resumes outline your work and educational background, achievements, certificates, and skills. Cover letters focus on how those skills and experiences relate to the job at hand.

Was this information helpful to you? Do you feel ready to tackle your resume and cover letter? Share your thoughts with us in the comments!

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What's the Difference Between a Cover Letter vs a Resume?

Knowing what makes a cover letter and resume different will prevent you from making a mistake and maximize your chances of getting hired.

Your resume gives employers an overview of your professional skills and experience. It offers a snapshot of your career progression. On the other hand, cover letters offer a more personal introduction. It focuses on highlighting why you’re the ideal candidate for a role. A cover letter is where you can explicitly explain why your background aligns with what the company is looking for. 

Cover letters are where you can let your personality shine. It’s an opportunity to highlight and explain how your background makes you uniquely qualified for a particular job position in a company. In contrast, resumes allow you to concisely present your work history, professional growth, and significant achievements from a logical perspective. 

So, cover letter vs resume: do you need to know more about the differences?

Knowing what makes a cover letter and resume different will prevent you from making a mistake and maximize your chances of getting hired. There are some things that don’t belong in a resume that should go on your cover letter instead.

A resume is a concise summary of your work experience and skills, while a cover letter is a personalized document that explains why you're a strong fit for a specific job and expresses your enthusiasm for the role.

Even though both forms of applications are designed to sell yourself, they both take a different approach.

Cover Letter vs Resume: The Key Differences

A resume is a brief, one to two-page document that highlights your work experience , skills, and qualifications, typically in a reverse chronological format. A cover letter , on the other hand, introduces you to the employer, explains why you are a strong candidate for the position, and how your qualifications match the job requirements.

Why Write a Resume?

You write a resume to give hiring managers an overview of your professional background. 

The main thing recruiters are looking for is relevant work experience . A good resume is professionally formatted and easy to navigate. In other words, list previous experience and mention relevant achievements that demonstrate the extent of your skills. 

With a resume, you can showcase a linear career history alongside steady growth. Ultimately, it should be factual and logical. 

Resumes are typically a mandatory requirement for almost all job applications, whereas, cover letters can be optional .

Why Write a Cover Letter?

You write a cover letter to directly explain why the company should hire you. This doesn’t mean you should blatantly write paragraphs praising yourself. It’s about making it clear that you’re genuinely interested in working for the company and explaining how your background makes you a qualified candidate. 

Unlike a resume, cover letters allow you to shed light on your personality. You have more room to express yourself. 

Resumes are for giving recruiters a concise report that shows you have all the relevant skills and experience for carrying out the job responsibilities. Cover letters are for elaborating and putting together a thoughtful message that tells hiring managers why they should hire you. 

As your resume focuses more on what makes you qualified, your cover letter complements that by showing why it makes you the best candidate.

You might also find our other cover letter guides useful: 

• What is The Purpose of a Cover Letter? Here’s What You Need to Know
• How to Write a Cover Letter for Any Job (Including Tips & Examples)

What a Resume Includes 

Resumes do not resemble the structure and format of a cover letter. Rather, it can be seen more like a formal documented report that’s made up of different sections which focus on specific areas. 

Here are all the key bits of information that a resume needs to include: 

• Contact details
• Professional summary 
• List of previous job titles and projects, as well as key achievements and responsibilities, using data to emphasize the impact of your contributions
• Formal qualifications, certifications, and licenses
• Hard and soft skills in the skills section 
• Any additional certifications, relevant experience, or qualifications that help highlight your skills

Let’s break down Rezi’s HR Resume Template below:

Notice how this resume uses clear headers to label each section. 

Firstly, at the top of the resume is the header section which includes your contact information and location.

As we get into the main part of the resume, each section is made clear by a heading. To highlight the candidate’s job position and the company that they’ve worked for, or other key points, the font size is usually larger and made bold. 

Also, compared to cover letters, resumes will mainly use bullet points to provide a description under each section. 

What a Cover Letter Includes 

The standard cover letter includes the following: 

• Contact details, as well as the company name and date. 
• Opening paragraph—mention career highlights and show that you align in values.
• Main body—directly show that you have what it takes to address specific company needs. 
• Thank-you note and reiteration of enthusiasm. 
• Professional sign-off.

While resumes can be seen as a formal overview of your professional background, cover letters are a formal letter that further explains why you're a good fit for the role.

This time, let’s break down Rezi’s HR Cover Letter Template below:

In contrast to a resume, the cover letter header section takes a lot less space.

It begins with a formal greeting before getting into the opening paragraph, which then explains why the candidate is making an application. They’ve also introduced themselves by providing a brief background.

The next few paragraphs in the main body showcases the candidate’s skills and explains the behind the scenes of what they were responsible for. Along with this, they’re also providing their own personal input. 

Where a resume is made up of sections that focus on different areas, cover letters focus on different areas too but it uses paragraphs instead.

However, a cover letter is more detailed and showcases your personality more than a resume.

The Format of a Resume and Cover Letter 

We’ve established that the formats of both applications are different. 

That doesn’t mean they should be completely separate from each other - it still needs to be somewhat consistent.  

For example, you should still be using the same font style and font size.

Also, for cover letters, you should always aim for a one-page cover letter and no further than that. One-page resumes are just as effective, and two-page resumes work when you have a lot of experience to talk about.

When sending over your application electronically, the file type for both your resume and cover letter should be sent as a PDF file with an appropriate file name.

Key differences between cover letter and resume

At this point, we’ve got the bigger picture of the fundamental differences between resumes and cover letters. But, there are a few more differences to know. 

Your resume is more of an overview while your cover letter goes more into the specifics. 

From both applications, you’re selling yourself by showcasing your skills and background. Your resume focuses more on what makes you the best candidate and your cover letter focuses more on why you’re the best candidate.

The Tone of Voice for a Cover Letter

Compared to your resume, the tone of voice for cover letters are friendlier and more conversational. 

Since you should be showing your enthusiasm on your cover letter, you have more freedom to be a bit more subjective and personal. However, that doesn’t mean you can talk to the hiring managers like they’re a close friend . 

Whenever you do make an opinion-based statement, just make sure you provide evidence so you don’t come off as arrogant. 

The Tone of Voice for a Resume

As mentioned earlier, resumes take on a more factual approach. Think of it as a scientific perspective to your job application as opposed to being more personal. 

Unlike a cover letter, the tone of voice for resumes tend to be more formal. 

Cover Letters Complement Resumes 

Most of the time, resumes are the main job posting requirement and cover letters may not be necessary. 

Where ats resume focus on proving you're qualified for the role and that you meet the main requirements, your cover letter prioritizes the “why” aspect for what makes you the best person to hire. With this complementary aspect, it can improve your overall application and help the recruiters make their hiring decision .

Resumes are more difficult to distinguish from one another. On the other hand, cover letters are more noticeable.

With cover letters, it’s easier for the hiring managers to determine which candidate is a better fit for their company culture. And, seeing whose mindset is more aligned with their mission and long-term goals. 

Here are the key takeaways:

• Resumes are like a formal report—they summarize your skills, work experience, and qualifications.
• Cover letters are a documented letter structured in paragraphs which explains in detail why you’re the best fit for a particular job position at a company.
• Resumes will take a more scientific, logical approach, whereas cover letters can take a more personal approach.
• Cover letters complement your resume by going in-depth into how you can contribute to the organization.

Cover letters aren’t always needed, but resumes are almost always mandatory. 

That doesn’t mean you should skip your cover letter. When it’s well-written, it can help you increase your chances of getting noticed.

With Rezi’s AI-powered ATS templates , you can create a job-specific resume and a tailored cover letter that will beat the resume scanners within a few clicks. 

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Astley Cervania

Astley Cervania is a career writer and editor who has helped hundreds of thousands of job seekers build resumes and cover letters that land interviews. He is a Rezi-acknowledged expert in the field of career advice and has been delivering job success insights for 4+ years, helping readers translate their work background into a compelling job application.

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Cover Letter vs Resume: Key Differences & When to Use Each

Discover when to use a cover letter vs. a resume. Learn the key differences and scenarios for each in your job applications.

Sanjoy Khan Choudhury

Read more posts by this author.

It's a common misconception that your resume and cover letter are basically the same. But the truth is, they're not! While both are necessary for your job hunt, each serves a specific purpose and structure.

In this guide, we'll break down the key differences between a cover letter and a resume and show you how to use both to land your dream job. We'll cover everything you need to know, from formatting tips to real-life examples.

What to expect from this blog:

• Clear definitions: Resume vs cover letter – no more confusion!
• Key differences: Understand why these documents are not interchangeable.
• The perfect pair: How your resume and cover letter complement each other.
• Expert tips: Craft documents that hiring managers can't ignore.
• Real-life examples: See what successful resumes and cover letters look like.

Let's dive in and discover the power of your resume and cover letter!

What is a Resume?

Your resume is a concise summary of your career highlights . It includes your work experience, education, and skills, much like a dating profile, which includes your interests and hobbies. It's a way to introduce yourself to potential employers and make an excellent first impression.

What is a Cover Letter?

Your cover letter is your opportunity to have a conversation with the hiring manager . It's where you can go beyond the bullet points on your resume and share your personality, motivations, and passion for that job title. Just like a first date, a well-crafted cover letter can spark a connection and lead to a second "date" (an interview).

What Goes in the Resume Vs the Cover Letter?

Let's understand what makes a resume shine and a cover letter sing.

Sections in a Resume:

Here's what's typically included in your resume document:

A. Your Basic Details: Your name, contact information, and a link to your online profile.

B. Your Bio: A brief summary or objective statement highlighting your career goals and key qualifications.

C. Your Experience: A reverse-chronological list of your work experience showcasing your most impressive accomplishments and responsibilities.

D. Your Education: Your educational background, including degrees, certifications, and relevant training programs.

E. Your Projects (Optional): A selection of your most relevant projects, demonstrating your skills and experience in action.

F. Your Skills: A list of your skills and expertise tailored to the specific job you're applying for.

Sections in a Cover Letter

Here's what a well-crafted cover letter includes:

A. Your Basic Details: Your name, contact information, and Address.

B. The Greeting: A personalized salutation that addresses the hiring manager by his/her name. It shows that you've done your research.

C. The Icebreaker: An engaging opening paragraph that captures the reader's attention and makes them want to learn more.

D. The Conversation Starters: Body paragraphs that delve deeper into your most relevant experiences and skills. It should demonstrate your value and potential.

E. The Follow-Up: A concluding paragraph thanking the hiring manager for their time and expressing your desire to explore your qualities further.

F. Your Signature Move: Your name and contact information, leaving the hiring manager with a clear call to action

Key Differences Between Cover Letter and Resume

Now that we've defined each document let's explore its key differences. Understanding these distinctions will help you leverage each document's strengths and create a compelling job application package.

How Resumes and Cover Letters Complement Each Other?

Think of your resume and cover letter as a dynamic duo - like Batman and Robin. They work best when they're together.

Each plays a crucial role in showcasing your strengths and making a compelling case for why you deserve the job.

Here's how they work together to score a knockout:

The Resume Opens the Door, The Cover Letter Seals the Deal

Your resume is your first introduction to the hiring manager. It's a quick and easy way for them to skim your qualifications and experience.

Your cover letter is where you make your case for why you're the best candidate for the job. It's your chance to showcase your

• personality,
• and unique value proposition.

It's like the game-winning shot that secures the victory.

Resume States the Facts, Cover Letter Tells the Story

Your resume is all about the facts:

• your work history,
• and skills.

Your cover letter is where you tell the story behind those facts. It's your chance to explain why your experiences matter and how they prepared you for this role.

Resume is the Hook; Cover Letter is the Reel

Your resume should hook the hiring manager's attention with your most impressive accomplishments and qualifications.

Your cover letter reels them in by showcasing your enthusiasm, cultural fit, and potential to contribute to the company's success.

Resume is the Foundation, Cover Letter is the Framework

Your resume provides the foundation for your application, but your cover letter is the framework that ties everything together. It connects the dots between your skills and experience and the job's specific requirements.

By understanding how your cover letter complements your resume, you can create a powerful job application package. This package will showcase your unique value and help you stand out from the competition.

Remember, it's not just about what you've done. It's more about why it matters and how it makes you the best candidate for the job.

Example: Cover Letter vs Resume for a Marketing Manager position

To truly understand the difference between a cover letter and a resume, let's look at a side-by-side comparison for a specific job posting. Imagine you're applying for a Marketing Manager position at a tech startup.

Job Description (Excerpt):

• Develop and execute marketing campaigns across multiple channels.
• Manage social media presence and engage with target audience.
• Analyze campaign performance and report results to stakeholders.
• Experience with SEO, content marketing, and email marketing is required.
• Strong communication and leadership skills are essential.

Key takeaways from this example:

• The resume provides a concise overview of the applicant's experience and achievements. It uses keywords from the job description to interact more effectively with the ATS (applicant tracking systems).
• The cover letter adds a personal touch by emphasizing the applicant's enthusiasm for the company and demonstrating their ability to communicate well.
• The cover letter also expands on the resume's bullet points. It provides a better context and demonstrates the applicant's strategic thinking and leadership skills.

When to Use a Cover Letter vs. a Resume?

Understanding when to use a cover letter versus a resume is crucial. Each serves a unique purpose and is suited for different situations:

When to Use a Cover Letter:

1. applying for a specific job:.

• Allows direct communication with the hiring manager.
• Highlights specific qualifications and reasons for your fit for the role.

2. Explaining Employment Gaps or Career Changes:

• Provides context for any gaps in employment history.
• Explains the rationale behind a career shift, showcasing diverse experiences.

3. Demonstrating Enthusiasm:

• Expresses passion for the role, company, or industry.
• Aligns personal values and interests with the company's mission and goals.

4. Unsolicited Applications:

• Introduces yourself and your interest in the company.
• Explains why you're drawn to the company and what you can offer.

When to Use a Resume:

1. providing a professional summary:.

• Offers a structured overview of work experience, education, skills, and achievements.
• Enables employers to quickly assess your qualifications.

2. Submitting to Job Boards:

• Acts as a standard document for recruiters to find and match candidates with job openings.
• Provides a concise summary of your career and qualifications.

3. Attending Job Fairs or Networking Events:

• Serves as a professional summary to share with potential employers or recruiters.
• Offers a snapshot of your career path and qualifications.

4. When Requested by Employers:

• A required document in many job applications.
• Ensures that all necessary information is provided in a standard format.

Pro Tips for Crafting a Winning Cover Letter and Resume

Now that you understand the differences between resumes and cover letters let's dive into some expert tips.

Cover Letter Tips: Making a Lasting Impression

• Personalize It: Address the hiring manager by name whenever possible. It shows you've researched and are genuinely interested in the company.
• Tell a Story: Don't just restate your resume. Use your cover letter to share a compelling narrative highlighting your unique experiences and skills.
• Focus on the Company: Explain why you're excited about the specific company and role. How do their mission or values resonate with you?
• Quantify Your Accomplishments: Use numbers and metrics to demonstrate your impact in previous roles. For example, instead of saying "increased website traffic," say "increased website traffic by 20% in six months."
• Proofread Meticulously: Typos and grammatical errors can make you look unprofessional. Have a friend or mentor review your cover letter before submitting it.

Your cover letter is your chance to showcase your personality and passion for the role. Explore our Cover Letter Guide to learn how to make a lasting impression.

Resume Tips: Showcasing Your Skills and Experience

• Keep It Concise: Most resumes should be one page long unless you have extensive experience or are applying for a senior-level position.
• Use Action Verbs: Start each bullet point with a strong action verb that describes your accomplishments. For example, instead of saying "responsible for," say "led" or "managed."
• Tailor It to the Job: Highlight the skills and experiences most relevant to the job you're applying for.
• Use Keywords: Incorporate relevant keywords from the job description to get past ATS.
• Get Feedback: Ask a friend, mentor, or career counsellor to review your resume and provide feedback.

Your resume and cover letter are your marketing materials. So, make sure they showcase what you have to offer.

Cover Letter Vs Resume Summary

So, there you have it – the resume and cover letter decoded. Your resume is the snapshot that captures the hiring manager's attention. At the same time, your cover letter is the story that compels them to invite you for an interview.

By understanding each document's unique strengths and crafting them carefully, you'll be well on your way to landing that dream job.

Lastly, don't just list your accomplishments; show why you are the perfect fit for the role and the company.

Happy job hunting!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Let's tackle some of the most common questions job seekers have about resumes and cover letters:

1. Do I always need a cover letter?

While not always mandatory, a cover letter is highly recommended. It's your chance to make a personal connection and showcase your enthusiasm for the role. In competitive job markets, a well-written cover letter can set you apart from other applicants.

2. What's the difference between the purpose of a resume and a cover letter?

Your resume is a snapshot of your qualifications, aiming to get you an interview. Your cover letter is a persuasive pitch showcasing your fit for the role.

3. What if I don't have much work experience?

Focus on highlighting your transferable skills, education, volunteer work, or internships. In your cover letter, emphasize your eagerness to learn and grow in the role.

4. Can I use a cover letter template?

While templates can be a helpful starting point, avoid generic language. Tailor your cover letter to the specific job you're applying for. After all, personalization is key!

5. Should I include references on my resume?

It's generally not necessary to include references on your resume. Instead, you can mention "References available upon request" at the end of your document.

This article has been written by Sanjoy Khan Choudhury . He works as a Content Marketing Specialist at Vantage Lens . His areas of interest include music, marketing, cuisine, and anime. When he’s not writing, he’s usually singing to the tune of his guitar or finding some weird way to cook his meal.

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Cover Letter vs. Resume: What’s the Difference?

There are many steps to getting the perfect job — and creating a compelling job application is one of them. Having a well-written resume and an eye-catching cover letter can take a lot of stress and uncertainty out of the job-hunting process.

Today, we are looking into the differences between a resume and cover letter and exploring some of the key practices for making these documents the best they can be.

Table of Contents

Cover letter vs. resume: what’s the difference?

A resume and cover letter typically come hand in hand. You need both these documents to successfully apply for a job. So, what is the difference between a cover letter and a resume and what information should you include in each one?

A resume is a document that summarizes your professional experience as a job candidate. The word “resume” actually comes from the French “résumé” and means “summary”. It focuses on your qualifications (work experience, skills, accomplishments, etc.) and helps showcase your abilities to convince the hiring manager that you are the right person for the job.

A typical resume includes five main parts

• Contact details : this is where you list the best ways to get in touch with you. This section generally includes your full name and professional credentials, email and phone number and, possibly, a link to your professional social media or portfolio.
• Summary : here, you can focus on your knowledge and experience and include your most valued skills that are relevant to the position you are applying for.
• Professional experience : in this section, you will need to list your previously held positions: starting with your latest job.
•   Educational background : this part of your resume explains your academic qualifications: degrees, professional certificates, awards, etc.
• Additional information : here, you can include any other relevant information that doesn’t fit into the sections above. A lot of HR professionals suggest using this section for references, professional achievements and awards.

Resume example

Learn more about how to write a resume .

A cover letter is a document that you send together with your resume that aims to introduce you to the hiring manager and briefly summarize your most important skills and professional experience. A good cover letter will get the HR professional interested in the rest of your application and make you stand out among other applicants.

A typical cover letter is about one page long and includes the following sections

• Header : this is where you include your contact details including your full name and professional credentials, phone number and email and links to your professional special networks or portfolio (optional)
• Introduction : here, you should get the HR professional “hooked” and make them interested in you as a job candidate. Mention your most relevant qualifications and skills and explain (briefly) why you see yourself as the best candidate for the job.
• Main body : after a condensed introduction highlighting your key skills, you can get into a bit more detail about your expertise in the main body of the cover letter. Here, you can go on to mention that you are aware of all the responsibilities that come with the job and have the capacity to handle them excellently.
• Conclusion : a cover letter should generally end with a call to action. You can mention when you will be able to start the new job and say that you are waiting for feedback on your application. Don’t forget to thank the hiring manager for their time for reading your letter.

Cover letter example

Learn more about how to write a cover letter .

Is it OK to send a resume without a cover letter?

While a cover letter is often looked at as an optional addition to the resume, it’s not quite the case. In fact, most job ads these days require a cover letter — and a failure to include one will probably result in your application being rejected. Even if it’s not specifically stated in the job ad that a cover letter is needed, you should definitely include one with your application. Not having a cover letter is simply a missed opportunity as it gives you extra “space” to make your case that you are the best candidate for the job.

Do you put a resume or cover letter first?

Most employers will scan your resume first. They will do so to make sure you have the relevant skills and experience for the position you are applying for. This is especially true for fields that require a specific set of hard skills like IT and engineering. While they may look at your resume first, a cover letter can help them fill in the blanks and get a more comprehensive picture of who you are as a professional. It can also be what makes you stand out among other candidates and actually gets you the job.

Is the cover letter part of the resume?

As we’ve mentioned above, a cover letter is a one-page document that goes alongside your resume — not inside of it or instead of it. You shouldn’t insert your cover letter into your resume and it should always go as a separate document with its own title. A typical cover letter is 250 to 400 words long.

Do you still need a cover letter in 2023?

Yes, cover letters are still important. Even if the employer doesn’t open your cover letter, they will still appreciate it being attached to your application. A cover letter is a good way to highlight that you are really serious about the job you are applying for. And, as we’ve mentioned earlier, it gives you an extra opportunity for self-presentation.

Letter of interest vs. cover letter

Quite often, when you read about cover letters, you may also come across the term “letter of interest”. While these are sometimes used interchangeably, there are actually quite a few differences between the two.

A letter of interest is sent to a company and indicates that you are interested in working for them. It doesn’t have to be sent to an open job offer — in fact, there may actually be no open positions at the company at the time. A letter of interest, true to its name, expresses your interest in a company.

A cover letter, on the other hand, is typically sent out together with your resume in response to a specific job offer advertised by the company. It’s an essential part of your job application.

To learn more about cover letters and letters of interest, take a look at this article: Letter of Interest vs. Cover Letter: Difference, Tips and Examples .

Tips for writing your resume and cover letter

Here are a few quick tips for writing a good cover letter and resume.

Tips for writing a resume

• Use the keywords from the job ad. These days, a lot of companies use resume-filtering software before going through the applications by hand. To make sure your resume doesn’t get blocked by such programs, use the same key phrases that are used in the job description if they are in line with your expertise and background.
• Highlight key points. Hiring managers are generally very busy people that have to look at tens or even hundreds of resumes every day. Make their job easier by formatting your resume in a way that highlights your most relevant skills and experience.
• Be strategic. Think what information to include in your resume and make sure it’s relevant to the position you are applying for. It’s best to keep your resume as concise as possible and list work experience that best matches the expertise required for the new job.

Tips for writing a cover letter

• Customize your cover letter for the job you are applying for. One of the biggest mistakes you can make is making a “one-size-fits-all” cover letter and sending it out to all the companies you are applying to. What is the purpose of a cover letter? The main purpose of a cover letter is to make a positive impression on the hiring manager — and the only way to do that is by writing a letter that is targeted for the position you are applying for.
• Don’t be vague. Your cover letter is a document that needs to impress your potential employer. This means that it’s best not to use general phrases and instead focus on specifics. Include examples, achievements from your previous jobs, numbers and more.
• Keep it brief. A cover letter should be a one-page document and acts as a concentrated introduction of your best professional qualities. Make sure to only include the most important and relevant information. Read over your cover letter before you send it out and remove any non-essential text. 

Cover letter vs Resume. Summing things up

Both a resume and a cover letter are essential elements of a successful job application. A resume is a summary of your professional life, while a cover letter is an introduction of your skills and qualities that best match the position you are applying for.

Even if the job description doesn’t specifically mention that you need to include a cover letter with your application, it’s best to have one ready and send it out together with your resume. It will demonstrate to the employees the seriousness of your intent and give you the opportunity to explain why you are the best choice for this position.

How to Write a Cover Letter [Full Guide & Examples for 2024]

After weeks of heavy job searching, you’re almost there!

You’ve perfected your resume.

You’ve short-listed the coolest jobs you want to apply for.

You’ve even had a friend train you for every single interview question out there.

But then, before you can send in your application and call it a day, you remember that you need to write a cover letter too.

So now, you’re stuck staring at a blank page, wondering where to start...

Don’t panic! We’ve got you covered. Writing a cover letter is a lot simpler than you might think. 

In this guide, we’re going to teach you how to write a cover letter that gets you the job you deserve.

We're going to cover:

What Is a Cover Letter?

• How to Write the Perfect Cover Letter, Step by Step
• 15+ Job-Winning Cover Letter Examples

Let’s get started.

A cover letter is a document that you submit as part of your job application, alongside your resume or CV.

The purpose of a cover letter is to introduce you and briefly summarize your professional background. On average, it should be around 250 to 400 words long .

A good cover letter is supposed to impress the hiring manager and convince them you’re worth interviewing as a candidate.

So, how can your cover letter achieve this?

First of all, it should complement your resume, not copy it. Your cover letter is your chance to elaborate on important achievements, skills, or anything else that your resume doesn’t give you the space to cover. 

For example, if you have an employment gap on your resume, the cover letter is a great place to explain why it happened and how it helped you grow as a person. 

If this is your first time writing a cover letter, writing about yourself might seem complicated. But don’t worry—you don’t need to be super creative or even a good writer .

All you have to do is follow this tried and tested cover letter structure:

• Header. Add all the necessary contact information at the top of your cover letter.
• Formal greeting. Choose an appropriate way to greet your target audience.
• Introduction. Introduce yourself in the opening paragraph and explain your interest in the role.
• Body. Elaborate on why you’re the best candidate for the job and a good match for the company. Focus on “selling” your skills, achievements, and relevant professional experiences.
• Conclusion. Summarize your key points and wrap it up professionally.

Now, let’s take a look at an example of a cover letter that follows our structure perfectly:

New to cover letter writing? Give our cover letter video a watch before diving into the article!

When Should You Write a Cover Letter?

You should always include a cover letter in your job application, even if the hiring manager never reads it. Submitting a cover letter is as important as submitting a resume if you want to look like a serious candidate.

If the employer requests a cover letter as part of the screening process, not sending one is a huge red flag and will probably get your application tossed into the “no” pile immediately.

On the other hand, if the job advertisement doesn’t require a cover letter from the candidates, adding one shows you went the extra mile.

Putting in the effort to write a cover letter can set you apart from other candidates with similar professional experience and skills, and it could even sway the hiring manager to call you for an interview if you do it right.

Need to write a letter to help get you into a good school or volunteer program? Check out our guide to learn how to write a motivation letter !

How to Write the Perfect Cover Letter

Now that you know what a cover letter is, it’s time to learn how to write one!

We’ll go through the process in detail, step by step.

#1. Choose the Right Cover Letter Template

A good cover letter is all about leaving the right first impression.

So, what’s a better way to leave a good impression than a well-formatted, stylish template?

Just choose one of our hand-picked cover letter templates , and you’ll be all set in no time!

As a bonus, our intuitive AI will even give you suggestions on how to improve your cover letter as you write it. You’ll have the perfect cover letter done in minutes!

#2. Put Contact Information in the Header

As with a resume, it’s important to start your cover letter with your contact details at the top. These should be in your cover letter’s header, separated neatly from the bulk of your text.

Here, you want to include all the essential contact information , including:

• Full Name. Your first and last name should stand out at the top.
• Job Title. Match the professional title underneath your name to the exact job title of the position you’re applying for. Hiring managers often hire for several roles at once, so giving them this cue about what role you’re after helps things go smoother.
• Email Address. Always use a professional and easy-to-spell email address. Ideally, it should combine your first and last names.
• Phone Number. Add a number where the hiring manager can easily reach you.
• Location. Add your city and state/country, no need for more details.
• Relevant Links (optional). You can add links to websites or social media profiles that are relevant to your field. Examples include a LinkedIn profile , Github, or an online portfolio.

Then it’s time to add the recipient’s contact details, such as:

• Hiring Manager's Name. If you can find the name of the hiring manager, add it.
• Hiring Manager's Title. While there’s no harm in writing “hiring manager,” if they’re the head of the department, we recommend you use that title accordingly.
• Company Name. Make sure to write the name of the company you're applying to.
• Location. The city and state/country are usually enough information here, too.
• Date of Writing (Optional). You can include the date you wrote your cover letter for an extra professional touch.

#3. Address the Hiring Manager

Once you’ve properly listed all the contact information, it’s time to start writing the content of the cover letter.

The first thing you need to do here is to address your cover letter directly to the hiring manager.

In fact, you want to address the hiring manager personally .

Forget the old “Dear Sir or Madam” or the impersonal “To Whom It May Concern.” You want to give your future boss a good impression and show them that you did your research before sending in your application.

No one wants to hire a job seeker who just spams 20+ companies and hopes something sticks with their generic approach

So, how do you find out who’s the hiring manager?

First, check the job ad. The hiring manager’s name might be listed somewhere in it.

If that doesn’t work, check the company’s LinkedIn page. You just need to look up the head of the relevant department you’re applying to, and you’re all set.

For example, if you’re applying for the position of Communication Specialist at Novorésumé. The hiring manager is probably the Head of Communications or the Chief Communications Officer.

Here’s what you should look for on LinkedIn:

And there you go! You have your hiring manager.

But let’s say you’re applying for a position as a server . In that case, you’d be looking for the “restaurant manager” or “food and beverage manager.”

If the results don’t come up with anything, try checking out the “Team” page on the company website; there’s a good chance you’ll at least find the right person there.

Make sure to address them as Mr. or Ms., followed by their last name. If you’re not sure about their gender or marital status, you can just stick to their full name, like so:

• Dear Mr. Kurtuy,
• Dear Andrei Kurtuy,

But what if you still can’t find the hiring manager’s name, no matter where you look?

No worries. You can direct your cover letter to the company, department, or team as a whole, or just skip the hiring manager’s name.

• Dear [Department] Hiring Manager
• Dear Hiring Manager
• Dear [Department] Team
• Dear [Company Name]

Are you applying for a research position? Learn how to write an academic personal statement .

#4. Write an Eye-Catching Introduction

First impressions matter, especially when it comes to your job search.

Hiring managers get hundreds, sometimes even thousands, of applications. Chances are, they’re not going to be reading every single cover letter end-to-end.

So, it’s essential to catch their attention from the very first paragraph.

The biggest problem with most opening paragraphs is that they’re usually extremely generic. Here’s an example:

• My name is Jonathan, and I’d like to work as a Sales Manager at XYZ Inc. I’ve worked as a Sales Manager at MadeUpCompany Inc. for 5+ years, so I believe that I’d be a good fit for the position.

See the issue here? This opening paragraph doesn’t say anything except the fact that you’ve worked the job before.

And do you know who else has similar work experience? All the other applicants you’re competing with.

Instead, you want to start with some of your top achievements to grab the reader’s attention. And to get the point across, the achievements should be as relevant as possible to the position.

Your opening paragraph should also show the hiring manager a bit about why you want this specific job. For example, mention how the job relates to your plans for the future or how it can help you grow professionally. This will show the hiring manager that you’re not just applying left and right—you’re actually enthusiastic about getting this particular role.

Now, let’s make our previous example shine:

Dear Mr. Smith,

My name’s Michael, and I’d like to help XYZ Inc. hit and exceed its sales goals as a Sales Manager. I’ve worked as a Sales Representative with Company X, another fin-tech company , for 3+ years, where I generated an average of $30,000+ in sales per month and beat the KPIs by around 40%. I believe that my previous industry experience, passion for finance , and excellence in sales make me the right candidate for the job.

The second candidate starts with what they can do for the company in the future and immediately lists an impressive and relevant achievement. Since they’re experienced in the same industry and interested in finance, the hiring manager can see they’re not just a random applicant.

From this introduction, it’s safe to say that the hiring manager would read the rest of this candidate’s cover letter.

#5. Use the Cover Letter Body for Details

The next part of your cover letter is where you can go into detail about what sets you apart as a qualified candidate for the job.

The main thing you need to remember here is that you shouldn’t make it all about yourself . Your cover letter is supposed to show the hiring manager how you relate to the job and the company you’re applying to.

No matter how cool you make yourself sound in your cover letter, if you don’t tailor it to match what the hiring manager is looking for, you’re not getting an interview.

To get this right, use the job ad as a reference when writing your cover letter. Make sure to highlight skills and achievements that match the job requirements, and you’re good to go.

Since this part of your cover letter is by far the longest, you should split it into at least two paragraphs.

Here’s what each paragraph should cover:

Explain Why You’re the Perfect Candidate for the Role

Before you can show the hiring manager that you’re exactly what they’ve been looking for, you need to know what it is they’re looking for.

Start by doing a bit of research. Learn what the most important skills and responsibilities of the role are according to the job ad, and focus on any relevant experience you have that matches them.

For example, if you’re applying for the position of a Facebook Advertiser. The top requirements on the job ad are:

• Experience managing a Facebook ad budget of $10,000+ / month
• Some skills in advertising on other platforms (Google Search + Twitter)
• Excellent copywriting skills

So, in the body of your cover letter, you need to show how you meet these requirements. Here’s an example of what that can look like:

In my previous role as a Facebook Marketing Expert at XYZ Inc. I handled customer acquisition through ads, managing a monthly Facebook ad budget of $40,000+ . As the sole digital marketer at the company, I managed the ad creation and management process end-to-end. I created the ad copy and images, picked the targeting, ran optimization trials, and so on.

Other than Facebook advertising, I’ve also delved into other online PPC channels, including:

• Google Search

Our example addresses all the necessary requirements and shows off the candidate’s relevant skills.

Are you a student applying for your first internship? Learn how to write an internship cover letter with our dedicated guide.

Explain Why You’re a Good Fit for the Company

As skilled and experienced as you may be, that’s not all the hiring manager is looking for.

They also want someone who’s a good fit for their company and who actually wants to work there.

Employees who don’t fit in with the company culture are likely to quit sooner or later. This ends up costing the company a ton of money, up to 50% of the employee’s annual salary , so hiring managers vet candidates very carefully to avoid this scenario.

So, you have to convince the hiring manager that you’re passionate about working with them.

Start by doing some research about the company. You want to know things like:

• What’s the company’s business model?
• What’s the company’s product or service? Have you used it?
• What’s the company’s culture like?

Chances are, you’ll find all the information you need either on the company website or on job-search websites like Jobscan or Glassdoor.

Then, pick your favorite thing about the company and talk about it in your cover letter.

But don’t just describe the company in its own words just to flatter them. Be super specific—the hiring manager can see through any fluff.

For example, if you’re passionate about their product and you like the company’s culture of innovation and independent work model, you can write something like:

I’ve personally used the XYZ Smartphone, and I believe that it’s the most innovative tech I’ve used in years. The features, such as Made-Up-Feature #1 and Made-Up-Feature #2, were real game changers for the device.

I really admire how Company XYZ strives for excellence in all its product lines, creating market-leading tech. As someone who thrives in a self-driven environment, I truly believe that I’ll be a great match for your Product Design team.

So, make sure to do your fair share of research and come up with good reasons why you're applying to that specific company.

Is the company you want to work for not hiring at the moment? Check out our guide to writing a letter of interest .

#6. Wrap It Up and Sign It

Finally, it’s time to conclude your cover letter.

In the final paragraph, you want to:

• Wrap up any points you couldn't make in the previous paragraphs. Do you have anything left to say? If there’s any other information that could help the hiring manager make their decision, mention it here. If not, just recap your key selling points so far, such as key skills and expertise.
• Express gratitude. Politely thanking the hiring manager for their time is always a good idea.
• Finish the cover letter with a call to action. The very last sentence in your cover letter should be a call to action. This means you should ask the hiring manager to do something, like call you and discuss your application or arrange an interview.
• Remember to sign your cover letter. Just add a formal closing line and sign your name at the bottom.

Here’s an example of how to end your cover letter :

I hope to help Company X make the most of their Facebook marketing initiatives. I'd love to further discuss how my previous success at XYZ Inc. can help you achieve your Facebook marketing goals. Please don’t hesitate to reach out to me at the provided email address or phone number so that we may arrange an interview.

Thank you for your consideration,

Alice Richards

Feel free to use one of these other popular closing lines for your cover letter:

• Best Regards,
• Kind Regards,

Cover Letter Writing Checklist

Once you’re done with your cover letter, it’s time to check if it meets all industry requirements. 

Give our handy cover letter writing checklist a look to make sure:

Does your cover letter heading include all essential information?

• Professional Email
• Phone Number
• Relevant Links

Do you address the right person? 

• The hiring manager in the company
• Your future direct supervisor
• The company/department in general

Does your introductory paragraph grab the reader's attention?

• Did you mention some of your top achievements?
• Did you use numbers and facts to back up your experience?
• Did you convey enthusiasm for the specific role?

Do you show that you’re the right candidate for the job?

• Did you identify the core requirements for the role?
• Did you show how your experiences helped you fit the requirements perfectly?

Do you convince the hiring manager that you’re passionate about the company you’re applying to?

• Did you identify the top 3 things that you like about the company?
• Did you avoid generic reasons for explaining your interest in the company?

Did you conclude your cover letter properly?

• Did you recap your key selling points in the conclusion?
• Did you end your cover letter with a call to action?
• Did you use the right formal closing line and sign your name?

15 Cover Letter Tips

Now you’re all set to write your cover letter! 

Before you start typing, here are some cover letter tips to help take your cover letter to the next level:

• Customize Your Cover Letter for Each Job. Make sure your cover letter is tailored to the job you're applying for. This shows you're not just sending generic applications left and right, and it tells the hiring manager you’re the right person for the job.
• Showcase Your Skills. Talk about how your skills meet the company’s needs. And while your hard skills should be front and center, you shouldn’t underestimate your soft skills in your cover letter either.
• Avoid Fluff. Don’t make any generic statements you can’t back up. The hiring manager can tell when you’re just throwing words around, and it doesn’t make your cover letter look good.
• Use Specific Examples. Instead of saying you're great at something, give an actual example to back up your claim. Any data you can provide makes you sound more credible, so quantify your achievements. For example, give numbers such as percentages related to your performance and the timeframe it took to accomplish certain achievements.
• Research the Company. Always take time to learn about the company you're applying to. Make sure to mention something about them in your cover letter to show the hiring manager that you're interested.
• Follow the Application Instructions. If the job posting asks for something specific in your cover letter or requires a certain format, make sure you include it. Not following instructions can come off as unattentive or signal to the hiring manager that you’re not taking the job seriously.
• Use the Right Template and Format. Choose the right cover letter format and adapt your cover letter’s look to the industry you’re applying for. For example, if you’re aiming for a job in Law or Finance, you should go for a cleaner, more professional look. But if you’re applying for a field that values innovation, like IT or Design, you have more room for creativity.
• Express Your Enthusiasm. Let the hiring manager know why you're excited about the job. Your passion for the specific role or the field in general can be a big selling point, and show them that you’re genuinely interested, not just applying left and right.
• Address Any Gaps. If there are any employment gaps in your resume , your cover letter is a great place to mention why. Your resume doesn’t give you enough space to elaborate on an employment gap, so addressing it here can set hiring managers at ease—life happens, and employers understand.
• Avoid Quirky Emails. Your email address should be presentable. It’s hard for a hiring manager to take you seriously if your email address is “[email protected].” Just use a [email protected] format.
• Check Your Contact Information. Typos in your email address or phone number can mean a missed opportunity. Double-check these before sending your application.
• Mention if You Want to Relocate. If you’re looking for a job that lets you move somewhere else, specify this in your cover letter.
• Keep It Brief. You want to keep your cover letter short and sweet. Hiring managers don’t have time to read a novel, so if you go over one page, they simply won’t read it at all.
• Use a Professional Tone. Even though a conversational tone isn’t a bad thing, remember that it's still a formal document. Show professionalism in your cover letter by keeping slang, jargon, and emojis out of it.
• Proofread Carefully. Typos and grammar mistakes are a huge deal-breaker. Use a tool like Grammarly or QuillBot to double-check your spelling and grammar, or even get a friend to check it for you.

15+ Cover Letter Examples

Need some inspiration? Check out some perfect cover letter examples for different experience levels and various professions.

5+ Cover Letter Examples by Experience

#1. college student cover letter example.

Check out our full guide to writing a college student cover letter here.

#2. Middle Management Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a project manager cover letter here.

#3. Team Leader Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a team leader cover letter here.

#4. Career Change Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to a career change resume and cover letter here.

#5. Management Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a management cover letter here.

#6. Senior Executive Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing an executive resume here.

9+ Cover Letter Examples by Profession

#1. it cover letter example.

Check out our full guide to writing an IT cover letter here.

#2. Consultant Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a consultant cover letter here.

#3. Human Resources Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a human resources cover letter here.

#4. Business Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a business cover letter here.

#5. Sales Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a sales cover letter here.

#6. Social Worker Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a social worker cover letter here.

#7. Lawyer Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing a lawyer cover letter here.

#8. Administrative Assistant Cover Letter

Check out our full guide to writing an administrative assistant cover letter here.

#9. Engineering Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing an engineer cover letter here.

#10. Receptionist Cover Letter Example

Check out our full guide to writing a receptionist cover letter here.

Need more inspiration? Check out these cover letter examples to learn what makes them stand out.

Plug & Play Cover Letter Template

Not sure how to start your cover letter? Don’t worry!

Just copy and paste our free cover letter template into the cover letter builder, and swap out the blanks for your details.

[Your Full Name]

[Your Profession]

[Your Phone Number]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Location]

[Your LinkedIn Profile URL (optional)]

[Your Personal Website URL (optional)]

[Recipient's Name, e.g., Jane Doe],

[Recipient's Position, e.g., Hiring Manager]

[Company Name, e.g., ABC Corporation]

[Company Address]

[City, State/Country]

Dear [Recipient's Name],

As a seasoned [Your Profession] with [Number of Years of Experience] years of industry experience, I am eager to express my interest in the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. With my experience in [Your Industry/Sector] and the successes I've achieved throughout my education and career, I believe I can bring unique value and creativity to your team.

In my current role as [Your Current Job Title], I've taken the lead on more than [Number of Projects/Assignments] projects, some valued up to $[Highest Project Value]. I pride myself on consistently exceeding client expectations and have successfully [Mention a Key Achievement] in just a [Amount of Time] through [Skill] and [Skill].

I've collaborated with various professionals, such as [List Roles], ensuring that all [projects/tasks] meet [relevant standards or objectives]. This hands-on experience, coupled with my dedication to understanding each [client's/customer's] vision, has equipped me to navigate and deliver on complex projects.

My key strengths include:

• Improving [Achievement] by [%] over [Amount of Time] which resulted in [Quantified Result].
• Optimizing [Work Process/Responsibility] which saved [Previous Employer] [Amount of Time/Budget/Other Metric] over [Weeks/Months/Years]
• Spearheading team of [Number of People] to [Task] and achieving [Quantified Result].

Alongside this letter, I've attached my resume. My educational background, a [Your Degree] with a concentration in [Your Specialization], complements the practical skills that I'm particularly eager to share with [Company Name].

I'm excited about the possibility of contributing to [Something Notable About the Company or Its Mission]. I'd be grateful for the chance to delve deeper into how my expertise aligns with your needs.

Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to hearing from you soon.

The Heart of Your Job Search - Creating a Killer Resume

Your cover letter is only as good as your resume. If either one is weak, your entire application falls through.

After all, your cover letter is meant to complement your resume. Imagine going through all this effort to leave an amazing first impression in your cover letter, only for the hiring manager to never read it because your resume was mediocre.

But don’t worry; we’ve got you covered here, too.

Check out our dedicated guide on how to make a resume and learn everything you need to know to land your dream job!

Just pick one of our resume templates and start writing your own job-winning resume.

Key Takeaways

Now that we’ve walked you through all the steps of writing a cover letter, let’s summarize everything we’ve learned:

• A cover letter is a 250 - 400 word document that’s meant to convince the hiring manager that you’re the best candidate for the job.
• Your job application should always include a cover letter alongside your resume.
• To grab the hiring manager’s attention, write a strong opening paragraph. Mention who you are, why you’re applying, and a standout achievement to pique their interest.
• Your cover letter should focus on why you’re the perfect candidate for the job and why you’re passionate about working in this specific company.
• Use the body of your cover letter to provide details on your skills, achievements, and qualifications, as well as make sure to convey your enthusiasm throughout your whole cover letter.
• Recap your key selling points towards the end of your cover letter, and end it with a formal closing line and your full name signed underneath.

At Novorésumé, we’re committed to helping you get the job you deserve every step of the way! 

Follow our career blog for more valuable advice, or check out some of our top guides, such as:

• How to Make a Resume in 2024 | Beginner's Guide
• How to Write a CV (Curriculum Vitae) in 2024 [31+ Examples]
• 35+ Job Interview Questions and Answers [Full List]

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Cover Letter Vs Resume: What’s the Difference?

May 22, 2024

During a job search, you’ll often be asked to apply with both a resume and cover letter. But if you’re new to the job search or if you don’t actively look for jobs often, you might be wondering what’s the difference between a cover letter and a resume? This post will help educate you on what both a resume and a cover letter are, and compare resume vs cover letter and how they’re the same, and compare cover letter vs resume and how they’re different.

Working on a resume or cover letter?

Sign up for Huntr to build your resume and cover letter with some AI help.

What is a resume?

A resume is a formal, one-to-two page document that articulates a detailed overview of your work history, skills, accomplishments, and education. The goal is to present your qualifications and credentials to a hiring manager hiring for a specific position to demonstrate your fit for the role. It’s the first impression hiring managers have of you as it’s the go-to document that hiring managers request for consideration.

What is a cover letter?

A cover letter is a one page informal and personalized letter that explains to a specific person on the hiring team who you are and why you’re the most qualified person applying for this role. You’ll use storytelling and persuasion to convince this hiring manager to give you an interview by sharing anecdotes about your experiences that go beyond the bullet points on your resume. It’s also an opportunity for you to showcase your personal flair with your writing to capture the attention of a hiring manager.

Resume vs cover letter: what’s the same?

1. both used in the job search.

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know that they’re both important documents in the job search process. They can be used together to sell you as a candidate so you can land your next role. When searching for a job, most require these documents to better understand who you are, why you’re looking for a role, and how well qualified you are. They can also be used in conjunction with a LinkedIn profile to better understand who you are as a candidate. If you’re looking for a job, creating a resume and a cover letter for each role you apply for will give you a competitive advantage as recruiters do read these documents to assess whether or not to give you an interview.

2. They typically have a cohesive design

A resume and cover letter are often used together and as a result they often have a cohesive design that ties the two documents together. They might have the header and contact information in the same style or use the same color palette to unify the two documents together. Their designs are functionally different but there are typically elements in a resume and cover letter so that a hiring manager can see that the two documents go together for that candidate to create a unified look.

3. They both use similar keywords

A resume and cover letter both require keywords in order to pass through ATS filters. You’ll likely use similar keywords in your resume and cover letter, especially since most of the keywords will be related to your specific job. Every job has its own set of keywords. For example, a content writer will have keywords like writing, content, SEO, editing, and so on. You’ll want to use a tool that scans your job description for keywords that you should be adding to your resume and cover letter to ensure your documents pass through filters to land you in the interview pile. You can use Huntr’s job description keyword finder to help you find these keywords with ease.

Cover letter vs resume: what’s the difference?

1. they have different purposes.

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know they both serve different purposes. A resume is an overall one to two page summary of your work history, education, skills, and accomplishments. A cover letter is a one page introduction of who you are and why you’re a great fit for the role you’re applying to. It might better elaborate on the connection between the job posting and your qualifications to help hiring managers better understand why they should choose you specifically to be included in the interview process.

2. They have different formats

A resume format is different from a cover letter. A cover letter is an actual letter addressed to a hiring manager. A resume has sections and within sections, your accomplishments are written in bullet points in fragments. In a cover letter, you’ll need to be mindful of grammatical rules. And in a resume, it has its own set of rules. You don’t need to put periods at the end of a bullet point, it’s actually customary not to include one unless it’s two sentences long. A resume might also include some lists, such as within the skill section. Whereas, when you mention a list in a cover letter, you’ll need to use commas to separate them in your letter as you would when structuring a sentence. So, overall, when comparing resume vs cover letter, they do use different formats.

3. They have different content

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to know they both use different content. A resume is a walkthrough of your work history in recent years. LinkedIn might include every job you’ve ever held. But your resume is only your most recent work history, so you don’t need to include jobs from over a decade ago. A cover letter is a formal letter explaining what interested you in the role, why you’re looking for a job right now, explains any employment gaps, and further explains the connection between the role you’re applying to and your qualifications. A cover letter complements your resume for hiring managers.

4. They’re personalized differently

A cover letter and resume are personalized differently. A resume might be personalized by including tailored experiences and keywords to the job posting, includes relevant work experience, includes key skills, and more. A cover letter is a personalized letter directed to the hiring manager or recruiter for the role. It actually addresses a person specifically. It also draws connections between the role and your qualifications to help that person see that you’re the ideal candidate for the role. You might personalize the cover letter with a story or anecdote about who you are and how that ties into the company’s values or needs.

5. They have different lengths

A resume and cover letter often have different lengths. A resume is often a one to two page document, though most people aim for one page. It’s scannable in design, so it’s not walls of text but easy-to-read bullet points. A cover letter is written in paragraph format, so it’s often just under a page in length covering about 250 to 400 words. Whereas a resume might be between 450 to 600 words. It’s more common for a resume to be longer than a cover letter as it highlights more of your relevant, tailored experiences for a role. It’s also the key part of the application process so more time needs to be invested into it.

6. They have different tones

When comparing cover letter vs resume, it’s important to note they have different tones from each other. A resume is a more professional, formal, and fact-based document. Whereas a cover letter is more casual, conversational, and engaging in nature. A resume might use hard numbers, bullet points, and objective language. And a cover letter uses a mix of story telling and persuasiveness to entice you into considering them for the next stage of the hiring process.

7. One is required, another is recommended

When comparing resume vs cover letter, it’s important to see the difference between whether or not they’re required. It’s hard finding a job that doesn’t require a resume as a minimum to be considered for a role. Even to work at fast food restaurants or in retail stores, you’ll need to present a resume to be considered for a position at that company. Beyond this, some hiring managers will mandate a cover letter. But that cover letter isn’t going to be the most important document in the decision making process. After all, cover letters are often recommended to be added rather than mandated. A cover letter is merely supplemental information to help hiring managers in their decision making process.

8. They have different designs

While we mentioned earlier that cover letters and resumes have a cohesive design to tie them together, they do look visually different from each other. A resume is often structured with headings, such as summary, work experience, education, or skills. The design is all about scannability, and so the use of bullet points is standard practice on this type of document. A cover letter is a formal letter so it contrasts with the bullet point design of the resume. You’ll likely find one-inch margins with text going from wall to wall in a cover letter. A cover letter’s written content is more closely condensed like you’d find in a book or a formal letter. Readability is still important in a cover letter but it’s not as easy to scan.

9. They have a different target audience

A resume and a cover letter have different target audiences. A resume is a document that’s seen by the recruiter, hiring manager, hiring team, and all other stakeholders in the decision making process. So, if one of your interviews requires you to “meet the team” that whole team will likely be reading your resume before meeting with you to ask you specific questions. A cover letter is often a document for the hiring manager who will be making the hiring decision. It’s personalized. Maybe you’ll write one for a specific recruiter or person who will make the decision of whether or not to include you in the next round of interviews. But since cover letters boil down to personalization, it’s typically written with one person in mind rather than a broader audience. Some people use the same resume for multiple companies (we don’t recommend this, but it happens). But your cover letter is always tailored to a specific person at a company.

10. They use different pronouns

When doing a comparison of cover letters vs resumes, understand that they both use different pronouns. In a cover letter, you’ll be using the word I a lot as you’re doing story telling about yourself and persuading someone else to hire you. You might also use the word you. Overall, first-person and second-person pronouns will be used in your cover letter. However, in your resume, you won’t use pronouns at all. You’ll write formal bullet points that objectively highlight your experience without mentioning yourself or addressing other people. Even when you’re talking about your work experience in relation to people it’s kept formally. For example, “Led a team of six high-performing individuals and successfully hit targets of $1,000,000” is a formal way to talk about others on a resume. Whereas, a cover letter would be written differently, such as “I helped coach and mentor a team of six high-performing contributors and we successfully hit targets of $1,000,000.”

11. One requests an interview, the other has no ask

In a cover letter, you’ll have a call-to-action that asks the hiring manager to consider you for an interview. Whereas in a resume, you’ll have no call-to-actions or requests for interviews. The document is a standalone one that simply highlights all your credentials and qualifications but makes no requests. In a cover letter, you might write, “I know that I would thrive in this role if given an opportunity, all I’m asking for is a chance to prove myself in an interview to be considered for this position.”

12. One explains things in detail, the other is brief

When comparing cover letter vs resume, a cover letter explains things in greater detail than a resume. A resume is brief, to the point, bullet form content. A recruiter might see an employment gap in your resume, but a cover letter explains what happened there. For example, you might write that you went through a corporate restructuring. This will help clarify that you didn’t do anything wrong and leaves little to the imagination. A cover letter is your opportunity to further explain your qualifications, employment gaps, or any weird quirks about your resume honestly so you can be considered for a role.

Time to write them

Now that you know what a resume and cover letter is and how they’re similar and different, it’s time to create your own for your job search. Since you’re still new to the world of creating resumes and cover letters, you can use Huntr, an easy to use AI resume builder with a cover letter generator that’ll allow you to create your own resumes and cover letters with ease. Sign up for Huntr today!

Nicole Martins Ferreira

Nicole Martins Ferreira, Senior Writer at Huntr, brings a rich background in marketing, tech, and ecommerce to craft insightful content on job search strategies and career advancement. With experience from Super Magic Taste to Shopify, she excels in creating engaging, actionable advice for job seekers. Nicole's expertise in SEO and content marketing, honed across diverse roles, enables her to effectively guide individuals through the complexities of the job market. Her contributions at Huntr are vital, offering readers valuable tips and strategies to navigate their professional journeys successfully, making her work an invaluable resource for job seekers everywhere.

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• Career Blog

The Difference Between Cover Letter vs. Resume in 2024

When it comes to job search, writing a cover letter and resume are two crucial steps to landing interviews. A cover letter is a document that accompanies a resume and provides a brief overview of the candidate’s qualifications and interests, while a resume is a formal document which highlights an individual’s work experience, educational background, professional achievements, and relevant skills.

Why are they important?

Cover letters and resumes are important because they play a vital role in the hiring process. They are often the first impression a potential employer has of a job candidate, and serve as a means for employers to assess a candidate’s skills, experience, and compatibility with the role they are applying for. A well-written cover letter and resume can set a candidate apart from the competition and increase their chances of securing an interview.

Overview of differences

While cover letters and resumes serve different purposes, they are both important components of a successful job application. One key difference is that a resume focuses more on a candidate’s skills and work experience, while a cover letter provides an opportunity for the candidate to showcase their personality and explain why they are interested in the position. Additionally, a cover letter allows a candidate to address any gaps in their resume or explain aspects that may not be immediately apparent to a potential employer.

In essence, both cover letters and resumes are tools that job seekers can use to market themselves effectively to potential employers. Understanding the differences between the two and knowing how to craft them effectively can make all the difference in landing that dream job.

Content Differences

When it comes to job hunting, crafting a cover letter and a resume are essential to making a strong first impression. However, it’s important to understand the differences between the two so you can optimize the content and increase your chances of landing an interview.

What does a cover letter contain?

A cover letter is a brief document that typically accompanies a resume. It’s a way to introduce yourself to the employer and highlight your relevant skills and experience. The goal of a cover letter is to persuade the reader to consider your resume and invite you to an interview.

A well-written cover letter should contain the following elements:

• An introduction that includes the job you’re applying for and your reason for writing
• A summary of your skills and experience that are relevant to the job
• A section that highlights your achievements and accomplishments
• A strong closing statement that thanks the employer for considering your application and expresses your interest in the position.

What does a resume contain?

On the other hand, a resume is a more comprehensive document that provides a detailed overview of your professional experience, skills, and achievements. Its purpose is to showcase your qualifications and convince the employer to hire you.

Your resume should include the following information:

• Your contact information
• A professional summary that highlights your skills and experience
• Your work history, starting with the most recent position
• Your education, training, and certifications
• Your skills and personal qualities that are relevant to the job

Importance of tailoring content to the job

One of the most crucial aspects of creating a strong cover letter and resume is tailoring the content to the job you’re applying for. This means customizing your documents to match the skills, requirements, and culture of the company you’re interested in.

By tailoring your job application to the specific needs of the employer, you’re showing that you’re a good match for the role and the company. It also demonstrates that you’re invested in the company and took the time to research and learn about its needs.

To tailor your cover letter and resume effectively, you need to:

• Research the company and the job posting
• Analyze the job requirements and match them to your skills and experience
• Use relevant keywords and phrases from the job posting in your documents
• Highlight your achievements and accomplishments that are relevant to the job

Understanding the differences between a cover letter and a resume and tailoring them to the job you’re applying for can make a significant difference in your job search success. Spend time crafting these documents and make sure they reflect your most relevant skills and experience.

Formatting Differences

When it comes to creating a cover letter and a resume, there are distinct formatting differences that need to be considered. Here are a few key differences:

Differences in layout and structure

Unlike a resume which has a standardized structure including headings such as “Work Experience,” “Skills,” and “Education,” a cover letter is typically a bit more freeform. It should focus on telling a story about who you are, what you’ve accomplished and why you’re the best fit for the role.

Importance of visual appeal

Your resume and cover letter are a direct representation of you as a candidate. Therefore, it’s important to ensure they have visual appeal. This means using a font that is easy to read, adequate spacing between lines and paragraphs, bullets and numbering for lists, and most importantly, a consistent format.

Tips for formatting

To ensure your cover letter and resume standout in a sea of applicants, here are a few tips to follow:

• Use a standard font such as Times New Roman, Arial or Calibri.
• Use 1-inch margins and spacing of 1.15 or 1.5 between lines and paragraphs.
• Use bold and italics sparingly to emphasize key points.
• Use bullet points and numbered lists where appropriate.
• Ensure your formatting is consistent throughout your document.

By following these tips, your cover letter and resume will be well-formatted, visually appealing and stand out to potential employers.

Purpose Differences

When applying for a job, it’s important to know the differences between a cover letter and a resume, as they both serve different purposes in the job application process.

Purpose of a cover letter

A cover letter is a document that explains why you’re interested in the job and how your skills and experience make you a good fit for the position. It’s essentially a personalized introduction that highlights your qualifications, achievements and career goals. A cover letter is an opportunity to showcase your personality and demonstrate your enthusiasm for the job, as well as your ability to communicate effectively.

Purpose of a resume

On the other hand, a resume is a comprehensive summary of your work history, education, skills, abilities and other relevant information. Its primary purpose is to provide potential employers with an overview of your professional experience and qualifications. A resume is typically designed to be scanned quickly, so it’s important to make it easy to read and to highlight the most important information clearly.

How they work together

While a cover letter and a resume serve different purposes, they still work together to provide a complete picture of the job applicant. The cover letter supplements the resume by providing more context around your qualifications and experience, and by showcasing your personality and communication skills.

When writing your cover letter, you should refer specifically to the job posting and show how your skills and experience align with the requirements of the job. You can also use it to explain any gaps or inconsistencies in your work history or qualifications, which may not be immediately apparent from your resume alone.

Your resume, on the other hand, should be tailored to the specific job you’re applying for, highlighting the skills and experience that are most relevant to the position. While your cover letter can provide more context around your qualifications, your resume should be concise and to-the-point, focusing on the most important aspects of your work history and academic background.

The two documents work together to create a complete and compelling presentation of your qualifications and experience, helping you to stand out from other job applicants and get noticed by potential employers. By understanding the purpose of each document and crafting them carefully and thoughtfully, you can maximize your chances of landing your dream job.

Target Audience Differences

When applying for a job, it’s important to understand the differences in the audience that will be reading your cover letter and resume. Knowing who will be reading each document will help you tailor your message to meet their needs and expectations.

Who Reads Cover Letters?

Cover letters are typically read by the hiring manager or recruiter. These individuals are responsible for screening resumes and selecting candidates to move forward in the hiring process. Cover letters are your opportunity to introduce yourself and make a great first impression.

Who Reads Resumes?

Resumes are typically read by the hiring manager or recruiter, but they may also be reviewed by other members of the hiring team, such as HR or department heads. Resumes provide an overview of your work experience, skills, and qualifications.

What Each Audience is Looking For

Hiring managers and recruiters.

Hiring managers and recruiters are looking for candidates who can meet the requirements of the job and fit in with the company culture. When they read a cover letter, they want to see that you have taken the time to research the company and understand what they do. They also want to see that you have the skills and experience needed for the job.

When reading a resume, hiring managers and recruiters are looking for a clear summary of your work history and accomplishments. They want to see that you have relevant experience in the field and that you have achieved measurable results. They also want to see that you have the skills and qualifications necessary for the job.

HR and Department Heads

When HR and department heads review resumes, they are often looking for specific qualifications, such as degrees, certifications, or professional experience. They want to see that you have the credentials needed to be considered for the job.

Department heads may also be looking for candidates who have a strong background in the specific area of the company that they oversee. For example, a marketing manager might be looking for a candidate who has experience with social media marketing or email marketing campaigns.

Usage Differences

One of the most common questions job seekers have is, “when should I use a cover letter versus a resume?” The answer largely depends on the purpose of the document and what information you want to convey. Let’s dive into the specifics:

When to Use a Cover Letter

A cover letter is an introduction to your resume and should be used when you want to provide a more personalized touch to your job application. You should use a cover letter when:

• You want to showcase your writing skills and ability to communicate effectively.
• You are applying for a job that specifically requires a cover letter. Always read the job posting and follow the application instructions provided.
• You want to explain certain things about your resume or qualifications that may not be immediately apparent, such as gaps in employment, relocation plans, or a career change.
• You want to express your enthusiasm for the company or job opportunity and make a memorable impression on the hiring manager.

A cover letter is your chance to highlight your personality, enthusiasm, and professional writing skills. It’s an opportunity to connect with the employer on a deeper level and stand out from other applicants.

When to Use a Resume

A resume is a comprehensive summary of your professional experience, skills, and education. It should be used when you want to provide a detailed account of your qualifications for a particular job. You should use a resume when:

• You want to demonstrate your achievements and accomplishments in previous roles.
• You want to provide a detailed overview of your skills, experience and education relevant to the position.
• You are applying for jobs that request a resume only or if the company does not specify that a cover letter is required.

A resume is a professional document designed to convey your work experience and accomplishments in a concise and formatted manner. It typically follows a standard format, highlighting core information that is relevant to the role you are applying to.

How to Determine Which to Use

In most cases, submitting both a cover letter and a resume is ideal, especially when applying for professional positions. However, there may be instances where submitting one or the other is sufficient.

Here are some tips to determine whether to use a cover letter or a resume:

• Always read the job posting carefully to see what documents are requested.
• If a cover letter is requested, submit one in addition to your resume.
• If there is no mention of a cover letter and you are unsure whether to include one, contact the company and ask. It’s better to verify than to assume.
• Consider the level of formality of the job you are applying to. For example, a cover letter may be more appropriate for a role in public relations, communications or advertising, where a strong writing ability is essential.
• If it’s unclear which to use and both are optional, assess whether your resume can stand alone or if additional explanations or enthusiasm should be highlighted.

Tone Differences

The tone of your cover letter and resume is crucial in determining the impression you make on potential employers. Maintaining a professional tone is essential, and there are some key differences in tone between cover letters and resumes that you should be aware of. In this section, we will discuss how to maintain a professional tone in both documents, explore the differences in tone between cover letters and resumes, and provide tips for finding the right tone.

How to maintain a professional tone

To maintain a professional tone in your cover letter and resume, it is essential to use formal language, avoid slang or jargon, and avoid overly emotional or personal statements. Use a neutral tone and stick to the facts, focusing on your qualifications and experiences. Proofread your documents carefully to ensure that your writing is clear, concise, and error-free.

Differences in tone between cover letters and resumes

While your resume is a more formal document, your cover letter is more of a personal introduction. The tone of your cover letter should be friendly and engaging while still maintaining a professional tone. Your resume should highlight your skills and experience in a straightforward way, while your cover letter can explore your personality, passion for the industry, and enthusiasm for the position you’re applying for.

Tips for finding the right tone

To find the right tone for your cover letter and resume, research the company and the position you’re applying for. Look at the company’s website and social media pages to get a sense of their values, culture, and tone. Pay attention to the language used in the job listing and use similar language in your documents. Tailor your writing to the specific company and position, and don’t be afraid to let your personality shine through in your cover letter.

Maintaining a professional tone is essential in both your cover letter and resume. While there are differences in tone between the two documents, both should highlight your skills, experience, and qualifications in a clear and concise way. By researching the company and position you’re applying for and tailoring your writing to their specific tone and culture, you can find the right tone for your documents and make a strong impression on potential employers.

Common Mistakes

When it comes to applying for a job, there are certain common mistakes that are made in cover letters and resumes. If done correctly, your cover letter and resume can make an excellent first impression on potential employers. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

Common Mistakes in Cover Letters

Generic and impersonal salutations: Avoid addressing your cover letter to “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam.” Always try to address your letter to a specific person in the company.

Talking too much about yourself: Highlight your strengths and experiences that are relevant to the position you are applying for. Avoid writing too much about yourself and your personal life.

Repeating information from your resume: Your cover letter and resume should complement each other, not repeat information. Highlight specific experiences and accomplishments that you didn’t include in your resume.

Failing to explain how you can contribute: Don’t simply write about why you want the job. Instead, explain how your skills will help the company meet their goals.

Spelling and grammar mistakes: Proofread your cover letter multiple times to ensure there are no spelling or grammar mistakes. This is the first impression potential employers will have of you, so make sure it’s a good one.

Common Mistakes in Resumes

Too much information: Keep your resume concise and to the point. Your resume should be a maximum of two pages.

Non-relevant work experience: Include work experience that is relevant to the job you are applying for. Employers don’t want to see every job you’ve ever had.

Listing job responsibilities instead of accomplishments: Highlight your accomplishments and how they’ve benefited previous employers. Don’t simply list your job responsibilities.

Formatting issues: Make sure your resume is visually pleasing and easy to read. Avoid using complicated fonts, and ensure there is plenty of white space.

Failing to tailor your resume to the job: Customize your resume to fit the job description. Highlight experiences and accomplishments that are relevant to the position.

How to Avoid Common Mistakes

Research the company: Before you write your cover letter and resume, research the company and understand their values and mission.

Tailor your application: Customize your cover letter and resume to fit the job description and the company’s values.

Proofread: Proofread your application multiple times to ensure there are no spelling or grammar mistakes.

Focus on the important details: Highlight your accomplishments and how they’ve benefited previous employers. Don’t simply list job responsibilities.

Seek feedback: Have a trusted friend or colleague look over your application to provide feedback and catch any mistakes you may have missed.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can make an excellent first impression on your potential employer and stand out from other applicants.

Tips for Writing

Whether you are applying for a new job or looking to improve your professional writing skills, understanding the differences between cover letters and resumes can make all the difference in your success. Here are some tips for writing effective cover letters and resumes, as well as best practices for writing and editing in general.

Tips for Writing a Successful Cover Letter

• Tailor your cover letter to the specific job you are applying for. Use keywords and phrases from the job description to highlight your relevant skills and experience.
• Address the hiring manager by name, if possible. This shows that you have done your research and are invested in the company and position.
• Highlight your unique qualifications and why you are the best candidate for the job. Use specific examples to demonstrate your skills and accomplishments.
• Keep your cover letter concise and to the point, typically one page or less.
• Proofread your cover letter carefully to ensure that it is error-free and professional.

Tips for Writing a Successful Resume

• Use a clear and readable font, such as Arial or Times New Roman, and keep the formatting simple and consistent.
• Focus on your most relevant and recent work experience, using bullet points to highlight your accomplishments and skills.
• Quantify your achievements and responsibilities whenever possible, using numbers and percentages to demonstrate your impact.
• Include relevant keywords and phrases from the job description, as many companies use automated applicant tracking systems to screen resumes.
• Tailor your resume to the specific job you are applying for, emphasizing the skills and experience most relevant to the position.
• Proofread your resume carefully for typos, grammatical errors, and formatting issues.

Best Practices for Writing and Editing

• Start with a clear and concise thesis or main idea, and organize your writing around this central point.
• Use active voice and strong verbs to make your writing more engaging and impactful.
• Keep your writing concise and to the point, avoiding unnecessary words and phrases.
• Use concrete examples and evidence to support your points, and avoid vague or unsubstantiated claims.
• Proofread your writing carefully, checking for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
• Consider seeking feedback from a trusted colleague or mentor to help improve your writing.

Understanding the differences between cover letters and resumes, and knowing how to write and edit effectively, can help you stand out in today’s competitive job market. By following these tips and best practices, you can create compelling and professional documents that showcase your skills and experience.

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Updated on 01/09/2024

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Have you ever wondered what separates a compelling cover letter from a comprehensive resume? In the competitive job market, understanding the nuances between these two documents can be the key to unlocking professional opportunities. How do you ensure your application stands out, presenting your skills and experiences most effectively? So, in this guide, we’ll discuss the difference between a cover letter vs resume that can elevate your job application game. Let's discover the differences to crafting compelling cover letters and resumes.

What's a resume?

A compelling resume is a short document that gives an overview of you as a job seeker. Most cover pages for resumes include these key points:

Educational Background

List your highest degrees, especially the ones most relevant to your desired job. If you're eyeing a biochemist position, mention your master's and Ph.D. If you're still in school, share when you started and when you plan to graduate.

Skills that Matter

Highlight high-income skills that are relevant to the job you're after. For instance, if you're applying for an administrative assistant role, mention your typing speed and proficiency in word processing or data entry.

Qualifications Snapshot

Summarize official certifications and notable achievements at work. Let them know you're a certified electrician or that you significantly boosted customer satisfaction over two years. Make it easy for hiring managers to quickly understand your qualifications.

Professional Affiliations

Include any clubs or associations that can benefit you in the job. For instance, if you're interviewing for a hospital counselor position, note your membership in the American Psychological Association. It adds credibility to your professional profile.

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What's a cover letter?

A cover letter is a thorough document that lets hiring managers see your enthusiasm for a specific job. It's a chance to reveal more of your personality than your resume allows. In your letter, dive into the specifics mentioned in the job description and explain how your skills and experience match those needs.

While cover letters are often optional, sending one alongside your resume signals your eagerness for the job. Even if a company doesn't ask for a cover letter, including one can demonstrate your commitment to surpassing expectations, making you a more attractive candidate. The only time you should skip it is if the application explicitly says not to include one – always follow the employer's instructions.

While writing a cover letter , you must include these elements:

Like other professional letters, your cover letter's heading should have your name, address, date, and the recipient’s contact information.

Start with a professional greeting. If you know the recipient's name, use a title like “Mr.,” “Ms.,” or “Dr.,” followed by their last name. If there's no specific contact, go with “Dear Hiring Committee” or “Dear Hiring Manager.”

Let your potential employer know where you found the position. If it was on a recruiting website, mentioning it shows the company they can find qualified candidates through that platform.

Your Contribution

Describe how you'll contribute to the organization. This signals to your potential employer that you understand the role's expectations. Align your goals with the company’s mission statement to show you can be a valuable part of the team.

Future Contact

Express your desire for an interview, indicating you're keen on moving to the next step in the hiring process. It shows the recipient you're proactive and engaged.

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Differences Between a Cover Letter Vs Resume

There are three key distinctions between a resume vs cover letter:

•   Format

Resume: Structured with sections and bullet points, delivering specific details like dates of employment and job duties.

Cover Letter: Cover letter format includes professional communication organized in full paragraphs.

•   Content

Resume: Offers a comprehensive overview of your educational and career history, presenting a broad spectrum of skills and professional experiences.

Cover Letter: Focuses specifically on the job you're applying for, emphasizing present and future objectives. While some information may overlap, a cover letter delves more into your aspirations.

•   Purpose

Resume: Conveys a wide range of information concisely, typically within one or two pages. Employers use it to quickly assess your qualifications for a job.

Cover Letter: This allows you to present a holistic view of yourself as an individual and applicant, offering a comprehensive narrative beyond a quick resume scan.

•   Tone

Resume: The tone in a resume tends to be more objective compared to that of a cover letter.

Cover Letter: For a cover letter, the tone can vary based on the job and industry, but it should always carry a touch of personality. However, it's crucial to maintain professionalism, ensuring that your personality enhances rather than distracts from the content of the letter. Also, make sure to strike a balance that showcases your individuality while aligning with the professional context.

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Professor Resume Example

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[City, State, ZIP Code]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Phone Number]

Dedicated and accomplished professor with a proven track record of delivering high-quality education in [specific field]. Seeking a challenging position in a reputable institution where I can contribute my expertise in [area of specialization], foster a positive learning environment, and engage students in critical thinking.

[Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in [Your Field], University Name, Year of Graduation]

Dissertation: "[Title of Your Dissertation]"

Relevant coursework: [List of relevant courses]

[Master of [Your Degree] in [Your Field], University Name, Year of Graduation]

Thesis: "[Title of Your Thesis]"

Additional coursework: [List of relevant courses]

[Bachelor of [Your Degree] in [Your Field], University Name, Year of Graduation]

Teaching Experience

[Current/Previous Position], [Institution Name], [City, State], [Start Date] - Present

[List of courses taught]

Developed and implemented innovative teaching methodologies, resulting in increased student engagement and improved learning outcomes.

Mentored and advised undergraduate and graduate students, guiding them in their academic and career pursuits.

[Previous Position], [Institution Name], [City, State], [Start Date] - [End Date]

Research Experience

[Research Position], [Research Institution], [City, State], [Start Date] - Present

[Brief description of research focus and projects]

Published research articles in reputable journals and presented findings at national and international conferences.

Publications

[List of selected publications with titles, journals, and publication dates]

Excellent communication and interpersonal skills

Strong research and analytical abilities

Proficient in [list of relevant software/tools]

Effective mentorship and advising capabilities

[Any other relevant skills]

Honors and Awards

[List of honors and awards received]

Available upon request.

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Writer Cover Letter Example

[Employer's Name]

[Company Name]

[Company Address]

Dear [Employer's Name],

I am writing to express my interest in the [Writer Position] advertised on [where you found the job posting]. With a strong background in [relevant experience or degree], I am confident in my ability to contribute to your team and provide high-quality content.

In my previous role at [Previous Company], I honed my writing skills by [mention specific tasks, projects, or responsibilities]. This experience has equipped me with a keen understanding of [industry or niche], and I am excited about the opportunity to bring my expertise to [Company Name].

I am proficient in [mention any specific writing tools, software, or techniques relevant to the job]. My ability to [mention any unique skills or strengths] sets me apart and positions me as an asset to your team.

I am particularly drawn to [Company Name] because of its commitment to [mention any values or goals of the company that align with your own]. I am eager to contribute my skills and collaborate with a team that values innovation and creativity.

Enclosed is my resume, which provides further details about my professional background. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences align with your needs in more detail.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to the success of [Company Name]. Please feel free to contact me at [your phone number] or [your email address] to schedule an interview.

Understanding the nuanced differences between a cover letter vs resume is crucial for any job seeker aiming to make a lasting impression on employers . While a resume serves as a concise summary of one's professional experience, skills, and achievements, a cover letter offers the opportunity to showcase personality, passion, and specific interest in the position. By recognizing the unique purposes of these documents, job seekers can effectively communicate their qualifications and make a memorable impact on hiring managers.

What Is the Difference Between a Cover Letter and a Resume?

A cover letter is a personalized letter addressing the employer directly, providing context and explaining how your skills match the job requirements while a resume is a comprehensive summary of your work experience, education, and skills.

Update at 01/09/2024

Aneeb is a full-stack SEO & Content Marketer. He drives our inbound marketing efforts on all touchpoints & writes just about everything related to career guidance, interviews, and professional growth. He loves talking about football when he’s not wordsmithing. Reach out to him at [email protected]

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COVER LETTER VS RESUME

Updated: June 07, 2024

By | Kevin Philips

When applying for a job, it is crucial to understand the difference between a cover letter and a resume. A cover letter and a resume are important documents in the job application process, but they serve different purposes. While a cover letter introduces yourself to the hiring manager and explains why you are interested in the job, a resume summarizes your qualifications and experience. Both documents should be well-written and tailored to the job you are applying for.

By understanding the differences between a cover letter and a resume, you can create a powerful job application that differentiates you from other applicants. Let's look at cover letter vs. resume , the differences between the two, and why both are important

What Is A Cover Letter?

What is a resume, differences between a cover letter and a resume, contact us for a standout resume and cover letter.

A cover letter is a one-page document that accompanies a resume. Its purpose is to introduce the applicant to the potential employer and provide additional information about their qualifications and interest in the job. It is very important to know how to create a cover letter . A well-written cover letter can help the applicant stand out and make a positive first impression on the employer. It should be tailored to the job and highlight the applicant's relevant skills and experience. A typical cover letter includes the following:

• An opening paragraph introducing the applicant
• One or two middle paragraphs explaining why they are interested in the job and their qualifications
• A closing paragraph is thanking the employer for their time and interest in further discussion.

Cover Letter Writing is technical but it is your chance to make a great first impression and set yourself apart from other applicants.

A resume is a document that summarizes your education, work experience, skills, and achievements. The purpose of a resume is to provide a concise overview of your qualifications and experience to a potential employer. It is very important to know how to make a resume for a job . A well-written resume should highlight an applicant's qualifications and experience clearly and concisely tailored to the job they are applying for. It should include relevant work experience, education, skills, achievements, and any other information demonstrating the applicant's ability to perform the job. A typical resume includes a header with the applicant's name and contact information, a summary or objective statement, sections detailing education and work experience, and other relevant sections such as skills or volunteer experience. A good resume can help applicants get noticed by potential employers and increase their chances of being invited for an interview.

While both a cover letter and a resume are important documents in the job application process, the two have several key differences. You can also check cover letter examples that win interview for more clarification. Let's understand cover letter vs. resume:

The main purpose of a cover letter is to introduce yourself and explain why you are interested in the job. A resume, on the other hand, is a summary of your qualifications and experience.

A cover letter is typically one page long, while a resume can be multiple pages depending on your experience and qualifications

A more personal cover letter focuses on your interest in the job and the company. It also highlights your skills and experience that make you a good fit for the position. On the other hand, a resume is a more formal document that summarizes your work experience, education, and skills.

A cover letter typically follows a specific structure, with an opening paragraph, one or two middle paragraphs, and a closing paragraph. On the other hand, a resume can be structured in various ways depending on your experience and the job you are applying for

Why are Both Important

A cover letter and a resume are important in the job application process. A well-written cover letter can help you stand out from other applicants and make a great first impression. It also lets you explain your interest in the job and highlight your qualifications. A well-written resume, on the other hand, provides a concise summary of your qualifications and experience, which can help you land an interview. If you didnt know about the differences, its time for resume editing to make it more compelling

A cover letter and a resume are important documents in the job application process. If you know the difference, you can take your career to another level. There is nothing to worry about if you find it difficult to differentiate the both.

Our professional and cheap resume writing services can help you craft a standout resume and cover letter. Look no further! Our team of experienced writers can help you create a personalized and effective job application package that showcases your skills and experience. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you land your dream job!

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Cover Letter vs Resume – What is the Difference?

A job-winning resume and cover letter can set you apart from other job candidates. However, it’s important to know that these two job documents are very different from one another. Learn the differences between the two to maximize your hireability.

At first, the answer to, “What’s the difference between a cover letter and a resume?” seems obvious. But once we get past the fact that a cover letter is clearly a letter – and a resume is not – most job seekers run out of ideas.

Is a cover letter just a resume, written like an essay?

Is it a personal statement about our feelings and beliefs?

Is it something I can skip entirely?

An applicant who doesn’t understand what a cover letter is, or how it differs from other job search materials, will struggle to write one successfully. And, since your cover letter will provide the first impression your prospective employer will have of your interests and abilities, you definitely want to get it right.

This article will explore how a cover letter differs from, and even enhances, other job search materials, such as resumes and CVs.

Equipped with this information, you will be on your way to making an excellent first impression, and landing the job interview you deserve.

To understand the difference between a cover letter and a resume, let’s look closely at what each document is designed to do, how it is created, and how it helps advance your job search.

Resumes vs. Cover Letters: What Do They Do?

What is a cover letter and what does it do.

Imagine that you are a hiring manager, sitting at a desk surrounded by stacks of resumes – impersonal, bullet-pointed documents listing the names of companies of which you may have never heard. Some may have more bullet points, some may have more color, but they all start to look the same.

Then, you pull a resume with a cover letter from the pile. It addresses you by name and outlines the personal journey of the candidate – their passion for the industry, their supporting experience, and the research they’ve done on your company.

Intrigued, you read their attached resume more carefully and, concluding that they are the type of go-getter your company needs, you add the candidate to the interview list, before returning to your stack of nearly identical resumes.

That story illustrates why a cover letter matters. More than just “a letter you include with your resume,” a cover letter lends depth and personality to your resume, by allowing you to sell your skills and enthusiasm, while making your resume stand out from the crowd.

To this end, a cover letter is a concise – often one page – introduction of who you are, your interest in the position, how your top skills and experiences have prepared you for the position, and a closing “call to action,” typically a politely-worded request for an interview.

What a Cover Letter Doesn’t Do:

A cover letter is not simply a retelling of your resume.

With that in mind, do not provide a long-winded overview of all the skills or positions listed on your resume, and refrain from repeating, “as you can see in my resume” before discussing your credentials.

Furthermore, if you have included any language pulled directly from your resume in your cover letter, such as a cut-and-paste of bullet points or of your objectives statement, remove it. Instead, think of what fresh clarity or perspective you could bring to that information to show your skills at their best.

Remember, even if you wrote your resume and cover letter days apart, your hiring manager will review them together, back-to-back. Any cutting and pasting you’ve done will make you look lazy or disinterested, not efficient.

Instead, think of your resume like an appetizer – it should make the hiring manager hungry to read your resume and to meet you in person – not stuff them full of repetition and redundancy.

With that said, let’s look at the main course of your job application, your resume.

What is a Resume and What Does it Do?:

A resume is a document of 1-2 pages that provides a summary of your professional experience, relevant skills, education, and accomplishments. This document rarely extends back more than 10 – 15 years in the past, and often lists jobs in reverse chronological order, with the most recent opportunities presented first.

Formatted for clarity and simplicity, often using headers and bullet points, a resume is designed to provide an easy-to-scan comparison between you and other candidates, as well as your qualifications and those outlined in the position.

The goal of a resume is to present as much information related to relevant professional experience as possible, with a particular focus on specific responsibilities, measurable achievements and transferable skills.

Both the nuances of writing a resume and CV are hard to master. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, consider seeking professional help from resume writing services

What a Resume Doesn’t Do:

A resume is not intended to tell your life story.

In fact, the word resume derives from a French word meaning “summary” – and that is exactly what it is.

Resumes are not the place for dense blocks of text, inspirational quotes, or discussions of role models. Furthermore, while soft skills, such as communication and dependability can be listed in specific sections, resumes don’t usually allow much room to explain context.

Instead, a resume presents a concise overview of all the measurable reasons why you are prepared to excel at the position, with a focus on current and recent experiences. With this in mind, resumes rarely allow for a sense of the “whole person,” thereby requiring candidates to find another means by which to share that information.

Resumes vs. Cover Letters: How Are They Formatted?

Format of a cover letter.

First and foremost, a cover letter is a business letter, and you will want to follow those formatting conventions as much as possible.

While there are a number of cover letter templates available online, or through Microsoft Word, at no cost, there are still some basic formatting guidelines that will help you on your way:

• Use one-inch margins on all sides of the document
• Left-align all contents
• Pick a standard business font, like Times New Roman or Calibri, in size 11 or 12
• Use single spacing overall, and double spaces between paragraphs
• Don’t indent your paragraphs
• If possible, include an inserted image of your actual signature in your closing, creating the visual impression of a signed document
• Save your cover letter as a PDF before submitting electronically. This preserves the layout, keeping a professional appearance regardless of the device on which the document is viewed

Taking these tips into consideration, it is still good to keep in mind that there is no “right” or “wrong” way to create a cover letter. The goal is simply to explore the story behind your resume through the vehicle of a professional document.

Format of a Resume

There are many different ways to format a resume, depending on the experience and skills you wish to highlight.

For example, a chronological resume presents a list of recently held job experiences in reverse chronological order.

While this format may be a great choice for candidates with relevant work history, candidates who are switching industries, or returning to work after a hiatus, may want to consider a functional resume, which emphasizes skills over positions held.

There is even a hybrid resume format that allows candidates to include the best parts of functional and chronological resumes – using both bullet-pointed skill lists and a chronological job listing.

With so many options, it can be challenging to provide guidelines specific to all formats. However, there are some pointers you should always consider when creating a professional resume, regardless of the specific template your choose:

• Use single spacing, with an added space before and after each section heading
• Left-align content, with the possible exception of your header section
• Choose a tasteful resume header format for your contact information. A little color can be nice, but unless you’re in graphic design, don’t get too creative
• Divide your resume into resume sections, including: Contact Information, Education, Work Experience, Skills, References, etc. But, remember, the order of the sections will depend on your overall goal for the document
• Use bullet points to list specific job accomplishments and professional skills
• Be consistent with your resume formatting
• Consider adding a second page. Contrary to previous assumptions, research suggests that hiring managers are more likely to select resumes that present two pages of experience, as opposed to just one.

These formatting tips should help you create a clean, well-organized document. But the most important part of a resume is the skills and experiences it showcases, so don’t become so focused on formatting that you forget to let your talents shine.

Difference in Cover Letter Tone vs. Resume Tone

As previously discussed, resumes and cover letters are different, but complimentary documents. When used together, they enhance each other, with the cover letter providing depth and character to the list of experiences provided by a resume.

Taking this into consideration, the tone of the documents is different as well.

Examples of Resume Tone – Objective

Resumes typically adopt an objective, matter-of-fact tone, citing data and measurable achievements whenever possible.

This is because a resume is intended to be easily scanned visually, allowing for quick comparison between two competing resumes, or between a resume and a job description. Simple, objective wording makes it easier for a hiring manager to establish your skillset, and as a result recommend you for an interview.

Some examples of the objective resume tone are as follows:

Increased sales in the home furnishings division by 110% in year one Managed team of 12 sales associates Developed training program for new sales managers Exceeded customer retention goal by 45% in year two

Notice that resumes language also omits the use of pronouns. For instance, instead of saying, “I sold medical equipment to large physician practices,” you would simply say, “Sold medical equipment to large physician practices.”

Examples of Cover Letter Tone – Subjective

The strength of your cover letter is found in how it allows you to tell the story of your career, highlight your strengths and showcase your personality. In conjunction with your resume, this provides a sense of the “whole person,” behind the application, and makes a hiring manager eager to meet you.

While resumes focus on bullet points, data and objective, language, cover letters allow you to write subjectively, and in the first person.

Examples of the subjective cover letter tone are as follows:

Having researched your company’s culture, I’m inspired by X Corporation’s commitment to diversity and inclusion A first-generation college graduate, I believe I could contribute a unique perspective to W Brand’s employee mentorship program I have followed your social media content for years, and the excitement and humor you bring to your marketing is impressive Since I rescued my first stray kitten at the age of 8, I knew I wanted to be a veterinarian. And it’s my dream to fulfill that calling at the Ohio State University College of Veterinary Science.

It is important to remember that, even though a cover letter can be subjective, and may even contain quotes or brief personal stories, you should avoid hyperbole, dramatic language, or flowery speech as much as possible.

Since a cover letter is still a professional document, exaggerative statements like “giving 110%” or “your company is the most exciting business in the world,” will seem silly and immature.

Example of a Cover Letter

Now that we’ve discussed what a cover letter is, and how it differs from a resume, let’s look at an example:

June 16, 2020/ Stephanie Williams Sales Coordinator Y Brands 847-846-4201 [email protected] / Jamal Martin Hiring Manager Walters Communications [email protected] Dear Mr. Martin, With over 11 years of experience in high-level sales, I’m excited to apply for the position of Sales Manager for Walters Communications. Since I first began my career in sales, I have been promoted six times, receiving increased responsibility, exceeding sales goals, and spearheading new customer outreach initiatives. This advancement has strengthened my sales skills and prepared me for a leadership role with a fast-paced, consumer driven company. In my current role as Sales Coordinator, I helped plan the launch of three new product lines, developing sales and marketing strategies to ensure their success. With the support of my team of five sales associates, we attracted over 50 new corporate clients to our portfolio, and exceeded all sales goals associated with these new lines. Sales is my passion and connecting clients with exciting new products brings me joy. It is my dream to immerse myself in a company culture that is results-oriented and prioritizes cutting edge sales techniques. I’ve researched the culture of Walters Communications, and I know it is a company in which I could learn and grow. While I’m grateful for my current position, I believe that my experience has equipped me to excel in an opportunity with greater challenges, such as the chance to serve as the Sales Manager for Walters Communications. And the commitment I would bring would advance your company mission. I’m confident that I possess the skills required to succeed in this new role, and to help take the Sales Department to new heights. I appreciate your time and consideration and look forward to discussing this opportunity with you at your convenience. Sincerely, Stephanie Williams The fictional cover letter above is effective because it helps communicate the candidate’s enthusiasm and experience, while providing a glimpse into her personality. She concisely demonstrates that she has conducted research into her prospective company, and links her experience with the needs of the position. If a cover letter is effective, the hiring manager’s next step will be to read the candidate’s resume to learn more.

Example of a Resume

Below is a sample resume for the fictional applicant from our previous example:

123 Adams Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90001

Home: (123) 456-7890 | Cell: (123) 456-7890

[email protected]

An MBA with over 11 years of experience in competitive sales environments, seeking the role of Sales Manager with Walters Communications with the goal of exceeding sales goals, and spearheading company initiatives.

• Account Management
• Written and Verbal Communication
• Team Leadership
• Strategic Planning
• Client Retention
• Recipient of the 2018 and 2019 Y Brands Top Sales Award
• Launched three new product lines
• Led a team of associates
• Exceeded 2018 sales goal by 25%
• Exceeded 2019 sales goal by 35%
• Screened job applicants during the early stages of the hiring process
• Answered, screened, and directed incoming phone calls while providing basic information as needed
• Managed Corporate Sales Accounts $10,000 and above
• Increased Client Portfolio by 15% in year three
• Increased Client Portfolio by 30% in year four
• Exceeded Customer Retention Goals by an average of 10% annually
• Cold Called 35-45 Businesses Daily
• Highest Call to Sale Conversion Rate for Three Consecutive Years
• Organized XYZ Media’s 1st Client Recognition Day

Since resumes are usually data-driven, this document provides significant information about the candidate that wouldn’t necessary be included in a cover letter. While the cover letter highlights her enthusiasm and passion, her resume shows a measurable track record of high performance.

When the documents are reviewed together, it becomes clear that the candidate has both the drive, and the personality, required to succeed.

The Curriculum Vitae

Before we conclude with a summary of the differences between cover letters and resumes, there is one question left to address: “How does a curriculum vitae fit into the discussion?”

A curriculum vitae, also known as a CV, is a job application document that is often confused with a resume – though key differences exist.

While most resumes are position based, outlining the roles and skills related to the desired position, a curriculum vitae focuses more on education, research / publications, teaching experience, awards, professional affiliations, public presentations, conference attendance and credentials.

Given their concentration on educational attainment and scholarship, curriculum vitae often serve as a substitute for traditional resumes for those pursuing academic careers or medical careers.

Furthermore, considering the amount of information they convey, it is common for a CV to be significantly longer than a resume

With this in mind, employers in fields that frequently use CVs may request that a CV summary be included, or even sent in place of the full CV, for the initial round of consideration. This summary rarely exceeds two pages in length, and provides an overview of the major achievements outlines in the longer curriculum vitae.

It is important to note, however, that while a CV is a much longer document than a standard resume, this does not mean that a candidate should forgo the inclusion of a cover letter. Ultimately, just like a resume, a curriculum vitae is still a list of relevant qualifications. Though its focus may be different, it does not provide the “big picture” context that can be provided by an effective cover letter.

Conclusion: Cover Letter vs. Resume. What’s the Difference?

Cover letters and resumes, though very different, serve the same goal – to make the candidate stand out from a crowd. That said, they both accomplish this objective by drawing upon unique perspectives.

A resume is a summary of the work experience, education and skills that prepare a candidate to succeed in a position. It should be easy to read, and organized using a format that prioritizes the best the candidate has to offer.

The advantage of a resume is that, even with a glance, it can leave no question about a candidate’s experience and qualifications.

The disadvantage of a resume is that it doesn’t convey the humanity behind the information. No amount of bullet points can help a hiring manager understand why a candidate is determined to succeed, inspired by their industry or interested in the company. By itself, a resume can be dry, or even boring.

A cover letter can provide an applicant with a chance to tell their story – the background, humor, motivation, and journey that make them unique.

When paired effectively, these documents provide a big picture view into an applicant’s life, allowing a hiring manager to truly see them in the role.

At the end of the day, a hiring manager isn’t hiring a list of achievements, they are hiring you, and all of what you bring to the position.

Using a resume and cover letter together, you can showcase the full range of your abilities, and let your talent shine from all possible angles.

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Best Resume Advice According to Reddit: 6 Tips That Actually Work

• Julia Mlcuchova , 
• Updated January 29, 2024 9 min read

Do you often turn to Reddit for answers to your burning questions? And, have you considered exploring this popular online forum to uncover what the best resume advice according to Reddit is?

Of course, Reddit can be notoriously difficult to navigate and not all of its users actually know what they're talking about.

Still, Reddit and other public forums can be valuable sources of first-hand experience in all things resume. 

We've painstakingly sifted through countless subreddits, all dedicated to resume writing and career tips, to save you the trouble.

Now, we present to you the crème-de-la-crème of Reddit resume advice. 

In this article, you'll find:

• 6 best resume advice according to Reddit;
• What we think about them; 
• And, of course, examples. 

Table of Contents

Click on a section to skip

TL;DR: 5 Best resume advice according to reddit

1. use a single column layout to pass the ats.

• 2. Don't name your resume 'resume.pdf'

3. Keep your job descriptions short. Use bullet points and action verbs

4. use numbers to quantify your achievements, 5. less is more for both word count & job applications per day, 6. use resume builders to make your life easier, key takeaways: best resume advice according to reddit.

First, for those in a hurry, here's the TL;DR version of our top five resume advice gathered from Reddit:

• Use a single column layout to pass the ATS.
• Don't name your resume 'resume.pdf'.
• Keep you job descriptions short. Use bullet points and action verbs.
• Use numbers to quantify your achievements.
• Less is more for both word count & job applications per day.
• Use resume builders to make your life easier.

Now, let's look at the best resume advice according to Reddit users more closely. Here's what we think:

If you thought that layout doesn't play any significant role in the success rate of your resume, you thought wrong!

In case the company you're applying to uses an Applicant Tracking System, always opt for a single column layout . 

The reason? ATS compatibility. 

Even though all ATSs are designed to read text from top to bottom, left to right , not every ATS is programmed to distinguish between columns. 

And you just can't know with certainty which software you'll encounter. Therefore, reduce the risk of your resume being incorrectly processed or rejected by picking a one-column ATS friendly resume template . This will make the process of parsing and interpreting information easier and safer.

HOWEVER. That doesn't mean you should discard the two-column resume all-together. Here are some reasons why a two-column layout can still be beneficial :

• Non-ATS employers . Many companies still don't use ATS systems, making the ATS compatibility argument less relevant in these cases. For these employers, the visual and organizational benefits of a two-column layout could be more advantageous.
• Aesthetics . A two-column format can be more visually engaging, making your resume stand out.
• Ease of reading . Smaller chunks of information can make the resume easier for the human eye to navigate.
• Space management . For those with less experience, a two-column layout can help evenly distribute text and avoid large empty spaces.
• Strategic organization . It allows for a more strategic presentation of information, guiding the recruiter's eyes through your resume efficiently.

Moreover, if you're just entering the workforce with no experience , your resume is probably still quite sparse. 

Because of this, you may end up with a large, unattractive empty space at the bottom of your document. And with one-column structure resumes, this is often the case. 

There' s an easy fix! Organizing your resume sections into a two-column structure can help spread the text more evenly.  

2. Don't name your resume 'resume.pdf'

Indeed, putting together a good resume is quite a tedious process.

There're so many rules and principles to think about, for instance:

• Every single resume section, whether it be the resume summary , work experience section, education section, skills section, or any other optional section, requires your full and undivided attention. 
• You must remember to always tailor your resume to fit a specific job description . 
• Not to mention the subsequent formatting and proofreading!

By the time you've finished writing your resume, you're likely mentally drained. 

It's at this time that errors creep out from the most unexpected places.

One such error is not naming your resume file appropriately .

How to name your resume file: step-by-step.

When naming your resume file for submission, it's important to consider clarity, professionalism, and the likelihood of it being easily found by the recruiters.  

Here are our recommendations for naming your resume file:

• Use your name. Start with your full name. This is the most crucial piece of information because it clearly identifies the document as yours. For example, "PeterStones" .
• Specify the document type. Make it clear that the document is a resume . This helps distinguish your resume from other documents like a cover letter . For example, " Resume ".
• Add the job title. This can be particularly helpful if you are sending the resume directly to a hiring manager. For example, " ProductManager ".
• Use a professional format. Avoid using any unnecessary symbols or fancy formatting. Underscores (_) or hyphens (-) are acceptable to separate words.

A good file name for your resume could look like this: "PeterStones_Resume_ProductManager.pdf".

Finally, before hitting send, consider carefully what to write in an email when sending a resume . Of course, when you're applying for a job, every detail matters. Don't neglect the content of your email – it's also responsible for making a positive first impression.

Undoubtedly, you know that the work experience section is the heart and soul of your resume.  

The recruiters always pay it the most attention, and so you need to be extra diligent and patient while writing about your past employment. 

Consequently, many will try to fit in as much information as humanly possible, disregarding the readability and quality of their entries. To steer clear from such mistake, follow these two simple principles:

• Organize your work descriptions into bullet points . Under each work experience entry, list 4-5 bullet points underlining your most notable responsibilities and achievements. That is to say, you should focus on demonstrating the impact your presence had on your former employment, rather than just stating your daily duties. 
• Open the said bullet points with action verbs . The recruiters don't care about long winding sentences! That's why it's a good idea to start each bullet point with an action verb . This will not only make your writing more concise, but it'll also depict you as a proactive, and therefore valuable, employee.

For example, a well conceptualized work entry description can look like this:

Work experience entry example:

Senior Product Manager XYZ Tech Solutions, New York, NY | June 2019 – Present

• Led a team of 8 in the development of an innovative mobile application, increasing user retention by 35% within six months.
• Collaborated with cross-departmental teams to streamline product delivery, reducing time-to-market by 20%.
• Managed product lifecycle from concept to launch, including market analysis, positioning, and rollout strategy.
• Oversaw a budget of $1M, optimizing resource allocation and cutting costs by 15% without impacting product quality.

This is another great resume advice according to a Reddit user!

The recruiters adore to see numbers in your resume! Why, you ask?

It makes life a bit easier for them. By quantifying your accomplishments, you simultaneously allow recruiters to better gauge your abilities ; and add more weight to your words . 

Be as specific as you can - numbers are universal. 

Struggling to figure out how to incorporate numbers into your resume? Here are few examples of what you can quantify:

• Revenue and sales increases. If you contributed to growing revenue or sales, specify the percentage or dollar amount of the increase. For example: " Boosted sales by 20% within a six-month period. "
• Cost reduction. Similarly, if you implemented strategies that reduced costs, mention the amount or percentage saved. For example: " Cut operational costs by 15% through process optimization ."
• Time efficiency. If you streamlined processes, indicate how much time was saved. For example: " Reduced project turnaround time by 30% ."
• Team management. If you manage a team, you can specify the number of people you supervise. For example: " Led a team of 12 sales professionals ."
• Project scope and delivery. Quantify the size or value of the projects you managed, then mention if you delivered them under budget or ahead of schedule. For example:  " Managed projects worth $2M, consistently delivering 10% under budget ."
• Training and development. If you were involved in training, mention the number of people you trained or the improvement in performance post-training. For example: " Trained over 30 employees, leading to a 40% increase in overall team efficiency. "

Resume advice two-in-one!

As this Reddit user rightly pointed out, less is sometimes more . 

This is especially true when it comes to the content of your resume as well as the amount of job applications you send out each day .

When crafting your resume, keep in mind that you must show the recruiters that you have everything they're looking for . Chances are, you actually have much more – more diverse job experience; more interesting hobbies; or more fulfilling volunteer work you'd like to share with them. 

Obviously, resumes have their length limitations . Once you've started to write yours, you'll soon learn that you have to be picky! 

Recruiters prefer resumes that are focused, relevant, and straight-to-the-point. In other words, don't make them read information they didn't ask for. 

The same applies to applying for jobs.

Many in this situation start panic-applying to every single job posting they find. Because they assume that the more applications they send, the bigger their chances at landing a job will be. 

Makes sense right?

In theory, maybe. In practice? Hardly!

Believe it or not, there's such a thing as sending too many applications. Basically, if your solely focus on the quantity of applications, you're running the risk of sacrificing their quality . 

And that is a problem. If you'd like to learn how to go about this problem, including tips on how to manage the pressure of job hunting, take a look at what research says about the ideal number of job applications .

Now, hand over your heart!

Would you prefer to sit in front of your computer for hours, battling with Microsoft Word and its many settings? Trying to create a perfect resume design from scratch? 

Admit it, even the thought of setting margins and spacing makes you roll your eyes. 

Hence, arguably the best resume advice according to reddit is to make a resume with an online resume builder to avoid these inconveniences (politely said).

No need to scratch your head over a layout or the best colour palette! Instead, simply pick a resume template that best suits your needs (both aesthetic and practical), fill in all your information, and watch your resume come to life in seconds. 

Additionally, resume builders can proofread and correct any misspellings or typos you might've otherwise missed. 

Sounds good? If so, your perfect resume is one click away.

Resume template by Kickresume

This resume was written by our experienced resume writers specifically for this profession.

In conclusion, Reddit and other public forums can serve as a good starting point for seeking resume advice.

Apart from first-hand applicant experience, many posts are sumbitted by actual hiring managers.

However, there's a lot to weed out first to find the best resume advice according to reddit.

Plus, you should always compare your findings with reputable sources. Which is exactly what we did.

• Don't forget to name your resume file appropriately.
• Keep your job descriptions short with bullet points and action verbs.
• Keep your resume concise and the number of daily applications reasonable. 
• Use online tools (like Kickresume) to build your resume.

Ready to create the perfect resume?

Create a beautiful resume quickly with the help of AI and our customizable templates.

Julia has recently joined Kickresume as a career writer. From helping people with their English to get admitted to the uni of their dreams to advising them on how to succeed in the job market. It would seem that her career is on a steadfast trajectory. Julia holds a degree in Anglophone studies from Metropolitan University in Prague, where she also resides. Apart from creative writing and languages, she takes a keen interest in literature and theatre.

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